21 st Century Technology for Law Enforcement

1. 21st Century Technology for Law Enforcement Prepared byLos Angeles Sheriff’s Department “Technology Exploration Project”

2. The Revitalization ofLaw Enforcement • Law enforcement is undergoing a rebirth greater than any since the time of Sir Robert Peel • The public is tired of being victimized • Victim’s “Bill of Rights” and Victims Rights Organizations • “3 Strike’s Laws” • Prison populations now exceed 1 million • The demand for better, more effective law enforcement methods has never been greater

3. Three Types of Technology • Obsolete • Antiquated but Useful • Inexpensive • Commercial Off the Shelf (COTS) • Commercially Available • Focus is on “cutting edge” (not yet established in the marketplace • Emerging • May require a paradigm shift • Most fruitful because of collaborative efforts

4. Major Emphasis • Interventions without resorting to lethal force • Focus of Effort • Greatest progress has been in this area • Stopping Vehicles • No immediate solutions foreseeable • Detecting Contraband—especially Weapons! • Millimeter wavelength, infra-red, ultra-sound and a X-rays are some of the more promising approaches Tremendous advances have recently been achieved • Prototypes are becoming available now

5. Light Emitting Diode Incapacitator(LEDI) • Dazzling effect from multi-colored bright lights randomly blinking • Promising as a debilitating less lethal option and/or as across-cultural, language independent signal • Developer—Intelligent Optical Systems (IOS) • Currently in prototype stage

6. Dragon’s Egg • Hand-deployed, 360 degree viewing device • Live video sent through walls & windows to receiver outside • Developer Chang Industries • Commercially available(Cutting Edge COTS)

7. “OC Flashlight” Project • TigerLight has spray dispenser in base and shoots a cone shaped mist • Developer TigerLight Incorporated • Commercially Available • Cobra Light has spray dispenser in lens area and shoots a stream • Developer Shield Defense • Commercially Available Project yielded double digit reductions in use of significant force (e.g. impact weapons)

8. “Pepperball” Project • Uses powdered “OC” encapsulated in plastic pellets and launched from paintball guns • Developer Pepperball Technologies • Commercially Available • Currently in use in custody facilities and some stations

9. Pepperball SA-4 Launcher(working name) • Launches .68 caliber “pepperballs” effectively to about 30 feet • Greater standoff than spray dispensers • Developer Pepperball Technologies • Preproduction Stage

10. TASER • Most effect nonlethal option project in the history of the LASD (90%+ effective) • Currently used in field • Developer is Taser International • Commercially Available

11. SkySeer(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) • Small, hand-launched, semi-autonomous, lightweight, parachute recovery • Less than five pounds in weight • Pan-Tilt camera to ground viewing station • Developer Chang Industries • Preproduction Stage

12. Magnetic Acoustic Device • Uses planar wave for maximum clarity with minimum degradation • Developer HPV Technologies • Prototype Stage(Currently in field trials at Special Enforcement Bureau)

13. Active Denial System(ADS) • $100 million dollar DoD Research Project • Heats human skin to 130F in two seconds without tissue damage! • Currently working on solid-state, hand-held version for law enforcement applications • Developer Raytheon • Currently in Prototype Stage

14. See-Through-The-Wall Radar(STTW Radar) • Most advanced system is from Israel • Numerous other versions expected within the next 36 months • Portable, battery operated, real-time, stand-off, 3D interface • Developer is Camero Technologies • Commercially available but very expensive (~$100K)

15. Less Lethal Munitions • LASD has gained an international reputation for our efforts in the identification, development, exploitation, adaptation and integration of less lethal options • Despite claims, all less lethal options are primitive to what is actually needed and desired

16. Olfactory Agents • Potpourri in reverse! • Mammals experience revulsion by smells of other dead mammals and fecal matter • Formulated to affect the olfactory and trigeminal nerves • Malodorous may be the next generation of “chemical” agents

17. Prisoner Health Status Monitor • Virtually undetectable and mounts out of reach of inmates • Uses ultrasound to detect prisoners with respiratory difficulties • Tremendous potential for suicidal or ill inmates who require constant supervision

18. Gunfire Location Project (Shotspotter/Communicator) • One of the most ambitiousprojects so far • Detects gunfire and preciselyplots (usually within 25 feet)the location on a digital map • An “electronic interview”is then conducted toelicit help from neighbors • A combination of technology, aggressive patrol support and resulting arrests are achieving a reduction in gunfire (celebratory and retalitory)

19. Questions? Thanks to Sgt. Brian Muller Los Angeles Sheriff’s Department Technology Exploration Program 1275 N. Eastern Ave. Los Angeles, CA 90063 323-980-2211 BSMuller@lasd.org