similar to t

1. Studentized Range Statistic similar to t Independent Groups Largest mean Smallest mean If means are selected randomly t is approx. If not – correct p of Type I error why? Example critical value = 3.77 Fail to Reject

2. Solving for smallest significant difference When to use ? When you expect: Otherwise use F

3. Newman-Kewls Uses 1. Arrange in ascending order 2. Steps from to = e.g. & smallest difference required was 6.61 If 2 steps smallest significant difference

4. N-K 3. Treatment Matrix 4. Significant Difference Pattern

5. Example

6. Read Right to Left UNTIL 1. The row is completed 2. A nonsignificant difference is found 2. Reaching a column which was nonsignificant on the previous row

8. Unequal n’s Tukey-Kramer Replace with

9. Behrens-Fisher * * Each particular pairing of means must be examined with a different critical value and their own Thus, the smallest significant difference will vary even for a given

10. Tukey's HSD N-K except If there are 4 means, all differences are treated as 4 steps. Tukey's WSD r = # of steps between the two means to be compared.

11. Tukey's HSD Use largest for all pairwise comparisons

12. Dunnett’s control vs. treatments (even if a priori) run standard and use or, solve for critical difference (CV) Go to Table for *

13. Sheffé’s test It sets the family-wise Type-I Error rate ( in our case) for ALL possible linear contrasts, not merely the pair-wise comparisons. Linear contrast MS(contrast) MS(error) Evaluate at (k-1) critical value for (df treatment(k-1)), df error Don’t use when only doing pair-wise, because it will be overly conservative.

14. Post Hoc – Sheffé test To evaluate 1) consult F table and find critical value F.05 (k-1, dferror) (CV) 2) multiply CV by (k-1). (new CV) k = # of conditions FW will now be held at 0.05