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EU Legislative Politics: The European Parliament

2. Objectives of this lecture. 1. Parliaments and Legislative Politics2. Evolution of EU Legislative Process3. Leg. Politics in the Parliament4. Leg. Politics between Council and EP5. Cleavages6. Accountability of EU ExecutiveComposition, powers, structure,operating rules and cleavages. 3. Pa

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EU Legislative Politics: The European Parliament

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    1. 1 EU Legislative Politics: The European Parliament Fabio Franchino School of Public Policy University College London

    2. 2 Objectives of this lecture 1. Parliaments and Legislative Politics 2. Evolution of EU Legislative Process 3. Leg. Politics in the Parliament 4. Leg. Politics between Council and EP 5. Cleavages 6. Accountability of EU Executive Composition, powers, structure,operating rules and cleavages

    3. 3 Parliaments and Legislative Politics What do Parliament’s Do? 1. pass legislation 2. hold the executive accountable The Rise of Parliaments in Europe establishment of ‘representative’ democracy, consent for taxation, accountability of executive power The Decline of Parliaments in Europe executive domination in parliamentary systems, growth in size of the executive, legislative overload

    4. 4 Evolution of EU Legislative Process 1958 - Rome Treaty: ‘consultation procedure’ 1966 - ‘Luxembourg Compromise’: national veto 1975 - EP Budgetary powers extended 1979 - First EP Direct Elections 1980 - Isoglucose Case - EP right to be consulted 1987 - SEA: QMV in Council (Single Market), new ‘cooperation procedure’ 1993 - Maastricht Treaty: more QMV in Council, new ‘codecision procedure’ (Codecision I), Commission President Investiture Procedure 1999 - Amsterdam Treaty: more QMV Council, extension and reform of codecision (Codecision II)

    5. 5 Composition Organisation of the EP 732 MEPs 7 Party Groups 20 Committees Plenary Sessions – in Strasbourg & Brussels Secretariat – in Brussels & Luxembourg Party Group Organisational Structure Group Leader Bureau (Executive body) National Delegations Committee Chairs Group Co-ordinators ‘Whips’

    6. 6 Party Groups in the EP, after June 2004 Elections Seats Power(SM) Power(AM) EPP 268 .39 .52 PES 200 .22 .33 ELDR 88 .11 .06 Green/EFA 42 .07 .03 E. United Left 41 .07 .03 Independence 37 .07 .03 Europe of Nations 27 .03 .01 Non-attached 28 -- -- TOTAL SEATS 732 Simple Majority (SM) 367 Absolute Majority (80% turnout) (AM) 440

    7. 7 The Structure of the Parliament: Explanations Composition: ‘democratic deficit’ and the European Parliament Party politics: groups and national delegations Jurisdictional differentiation: specialization and coordination Committee members tend to possess policy-specific expertise, committees are highly representative of the EP as a whole

    8. 8 Decision Rules and Interactions Single majority Absolute majority Commission: monopoly of legislative initiation (only EC pillar) Legislative procedures: consultation, co-decision (I and II), assent, co-operation

    9. 9 Bargaining in the Parliament

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