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SLAVERY

SLAVERY. Yorktown High School US History 11R Mr. Brunelli. Three Questions. WHY DID SLAVERY BEGIN? WHY DID SLAVERY NOT DIE OFF? WHY DID SLAVERY EXPAND?. A Long Answer. Mortality. SOUTHERN COLONIES = HIGH MORTALITY HIGH SEX RATIO (MEN > WOMEN)  LOW BIRTH RATE

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SLAVERY

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  1. SLAVERY YorktownHigh School US History 11R Mr. Brunelli

  2. Three Questions WHY DID SLAVERY BEGIN? WHY DID SLAVERY NOT DIE OFF? WHY DID SLAVERY EXPAND?

  3. A Long Answer

  4. Mortality SOUTHERN COLONIES= HIGH MORTALITY HIGH SEX RATIO (MEN > WOMEN)  LOW BIRTH RATE NEED TO “IMPORT” LABOR

  5. Mortality

  6. Mortality • WHEN LANDOWNERS CAN OBTAIN WORKERS AT • 1) LOW WAGES & (LOW-SKILL WORKERS) • 2) COMPETITIVE LABOR MARKET (HIGH POPULATION DENSITY) • “FREE LABOR” (INDENTURED SERVANTS) • AS INDENTURED SERVANTS LIVED LONGER  HIGHER WAGES • PLANTATION OWNERS SHIFTED TO AFRICAN SLAVERY.

  7. Why Did Slavery Survive? AT THE TIME OF THE CONSTITUTION, MOST AMERICANS (NORTH & SOUTH) THOUGHT SLAVERY WOULD DIE NATURALLY. DECLINING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY FREE LABOR = MORE EFFICIENT DECLINING PROFITABILITY OF CASH CROPS SOIL EXHAUSTION SOCIAL & POLITICAL ENLIGHTENMENT DID NOT NEED TO OUTLAW SLAVERY NOT WORTH UPSETTING THE UNION

  8. Cotton Gin INVENTION OF THE COTTON GIN ALLOWED THE CULTIVATION OF SHORT-STAPLE COTTON LONG-STAPLE = GEOGRAPHICALLY LIMITED SHORT-STAPLE = STURDY, BUT SEEDS MIXED WITH FIBERS

  9. Cotton Gin 1820 1860

  10. Slave Trade LOWER SUPPLY  HIGHER VALUE FOR SLAVES UPPER SOUTH (VIRGINIA): PLANTATION AGRICULTURE ≠ VIABLE BUT COULD SELL SLAVES TO LOWER SOUTH TO VALUABLE TO EMANCIPATE LOWER SOUTH (MISSISSIPPI& ALABAMA): NEEDED SLAVES FOR COTTON BOUGHT THEM FROM THE UPPER SOUTH  SLAVE AUCTIONS  BREAKING UP OF SLAVE FAMILIES

  11. Slave Trade 1820 1860

  12. Past Echoes

  13. Why Did Slavery Expand? SOUTHERN SOIL = ULTISOLS HUMIDITY LEACHES NUTRIENTS FROM SOIL WHEN TILLED  FEW YEARS OF HIGH PRODUCTIVITY  BUST “SLASH-AND-BURN” PLANTATION AGRICULTURE MOVED WEST TO FIND NEW LAND

  14. Big Picture

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