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Terms

Failure to Thrive (FTT) Low Birth Weight (LBW) Cerebral Palsy (CP) Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) Cyanosis Bluish color skin and lips Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Terms.

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Terms

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  1. Failure to Thrive (FTT) Low Birth Weight (LBW) Cerebral Palsy (CP) Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) Cyanosis Bluish color skin and lips Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) Gastroesophageal reflux (GER)neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) Terms

  2. Cerebral palsy Mental retardation Communication disorders autism deafness Chronic childhood neurological disorders Seizures Degenerative CNS Myopathies (MS) Some Developmental Disabilities

  3. Congenital Genetic Infections Toxic/metabolic other Acquired Head trauma Perinatal Infections Toxic/metabolic Other diseases Causes of Developmental Disabilities

  4. Born prematurely 3 or more weeks before the end of 38 weeks of pregnancy-or who weigh less that 5 ½ lbs (2,500 grams) Less than 3 ½ lbs or (1,500 grams(VLBW) Broad array of problems at birth BPD, RDS, cynanosis Gastrointestinal problems hernias VLBW –severe anemia High Risk Babies

  5. Public Law 99-457 0-3 developmentally delayed biologically at risk natural environments IDEA-Individuals with Disabilities Act

  6. Illnesses and Medical Conditions with hospitalization Birth Injuries Jaundice Umbilical Hernia Eye Infections Ear Infections Upper Respiratory Infections (URI) Sepsis Fractures

  7. Illnesses and Medical Conditions with hospitalization • Down Syndrome • Neural Tube Defects (NTDs) • Heart Defects • Speech and Language Difficulties • Seizures • Near Drowning • Burns • Poisoning • Choking

  8. Components in Service Delivery • Medical Setting • The Family/Home Setting • The School/Educational Setting

  9. Technology Assistance • Intravenous Lines (IV) • Suctioning • Tube feeding • Monitors • Oxygen • Ventilators

  10. Infants Toddlers Preschoolers Issues for the Hospitalized Child

  11. Issues for Infants with Medical Needs • Disruption in normal routines (fussiness and irritability • Immediate response to pain needs and seeks comfort (comfort strategies demonstrated) • Stranger anxiety begins (around 6 months)

  12. Toddler with Medical Needs • Separation Anxiety • Fear of Strangers • Immediate response to pain and unfamiliarity • Regression in skills (motor, language, Potty training)

  13. Preschoolers with Medical Needs • Separation anxiety • Anxiety about intrusions and mutilation • Anxiety aroused by egocentric thought, fantasies, magical thinking • Fear of punishment aroused by guilt ( child may feel that he or she is the cause of illness

  14. The Family • Parents • Grandparents • Siblings

  15. Stress Stress Model

  16. Anxiety about caregiver role Equipment and other children’s cries Behavioral changes Appearance and health of child in NICU/PICU Spouse/family members’ health Spending more time with spouse Financial strain in providing basic needs Stress in Parents

  17. Child’s diagnosis period Repeated hospitalization Daily management and child rearing Medical difficulties and withdrawal episodes Stressors in Mothers

  18. Understanding the child’s diagnosis Child’s pain Stressors in Fathers

  19. Feeling lonely Observing stress in parents Increased responsibilities Change in residence Feeling ill Stressors in Siblings

  20. Inability to advise parents with caregiving Lack of information about disability or disease Stressors in Grandparents

  21. Differences in Communication Methods Differences in Meaning of Disability Differences in Perceptions of Medical and Educational Staff Traditional Healing Practices Cultural Factors and Caregivers

  22. Traditional Healing Practices

  23. Traditional Healing Practices Good? Or Bad?

  24. Cultural Health Practices • Closely linked to beliefs and family values • Folk medicine • Spirits • Unity of nature • Preventive

  25. Recommendations for Early Childhood Educators • Recognize the need for communication and collaboration of services and professionals that work with the young child • Seek out best communication method for family members and utilize it • Assist in developing parent workshops on stress management, resources and services • Assist child in maintaining normal developmental patterns • Be sensitive to cultural and ethical differences in illness, disability and the family

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