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Understanding Phonemes and Morphemes in Linguistics

Explore the concepts of phonemes and morphemes in language, the smallest units of linguistic elements. Learn how these building blocks interact to create meaning and contrast in signs and words.

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Understanding Phonemes and Morphemes in Linguistics

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  1. Dr. Bill Vicars Lifeprint.com

  2. Linguistics

  3. “regain”:RE = morpheme“R” = phoneme

  4. If a small part of a sign has meaning, what do we call it?

  5. A “morpheme.”

  6. A small, meaningless by itself, part of a sign or word is called what?

  7. Phoneme

  8. What do we call the smallest units (parts) of language?

  9. Phonemes

  10. What do we call the building blocks of a word or sign?

  11. Phonemes.

  12. The ways in which parts of a sign interact with each other:

  13. “Phonological Processes.”

  14. Two scribbles on paper have contrast.

  15. Those scribbles are different. They look different.

  16. Neither scribble means anything.

  17. The scribbles are phonological. They have parts.

  18. The parts provide contrast but no independent meaning.

  19. Moving my hand sideways.

  20. Moving my hand up and down.

  21. Those movements are phonemes.

  22. Those two movements contrast. They are different.

  23. But out of context they are meaningless phonemes.

  24. The movements are phonemes.

  25. If I hold my hand palm up.

  26. It contrasts with holding my hand palm down.

  27. The orientation of my hand is a phoneme.

  28. The phoneme of “orientation” out of context is meaningless.

  29. If I hold my hand up on my left side vs my right side …

  30. It is different true, but can you say the location “means” anything?

  31. Out of context, no. Not yet.

  32. “Location” is a part of a sign but out of context location is meaningless.

  33. Location is a phoneme. A meaningless unit of language.

  34. Handshapes, locations, movements, orientations, NMMS, & holds are?

  35. Phonemes

  36. Phonemes have contrast but they don’t have ________?

  37. Meaning.

  38. Thus “phonology” is the study of what?

  39. The smallest contrastive parts of language.

  40. If we attach meaning to a phoneme…

  41. That phoneme is considered a “morpheme.”

  42. A morpheme is “a phoneme + meaning”

  43. Out of context, the letter “C” is just a phoneme.

  44. If I place that “C” within the context of a “grade report”…

  45. That “C” is no longer just a phoneme

  46. It becomes a morpheme that means, “You need to study more.” ;-)

  47. Can you name or show an aspect of signing that doesn’t create meaning?

  48. For example, this movement:

  49. What does it mean?

  50. Nothing. It is a byproduct of …

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