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Unit 1: Interactions Within Ecosystems. Chapter 1: Ecosystems Slide Show #1. Getting Started… (p.4). Close your eyes and imagine that you are standing in a forest. Now, list at least 5 things that you “see”.
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Unit 1: Interactions Within Ecosystems Chapter 1: Ecosystems Slide Show #1
Getting Started… (p.4) • Close your eyes and imagine that you are standing in a forest. • Now, list at least 5 things that you “see”. • Next, describe the local conditions (eg. land features, temperature, etc.) of your forest setting.
Getting Started (con’t) • From your forest list, classify each thing as either living (L) or non-living (NL). Share your results with the class. • How would you define a living thing? • A living thing is something that shows or has shown the signs of life. That is, anything that is either alive or dead is classified as a living thing.
Getting Started (con’t) • What is meant by signs of life? • Use a thought web to help organize your ideas. Use categories such as mammals, plants, insects, etc.
Getting Started (con’t) • From your thought web, what signs of life do all of the living things have in common? • All living things: • Grow • Reproduce • Move • Take in or produce food • React to things in their environment • Have cells • Have a special chemical make-up
Getting Started (con’t) • How would you define a non-living thing? • A non-living thing is something that will never show the signs of life. • Examples: • What is the difference between a rock and a dead rabbit ? • A rock NEVER showed the signs of life and never will. A dead rabbit, however, was once alive and therefore showed the signs of life. • To distinguish between these, scientists classify living things as either dead or alive. So, the dead rabbit is actually a living thing!
Getting Started (con’t) • Identify some living and non-living things in the following pictures.
Using your forest lists from slide #2, describe how the living things interact with each other, the non-living things, and the local conditions. An example is done for you.
Getting Started (con’t) • What we have described is a forest ecosystem. • Using our discussions in this lesson, how would you define an ecosystem? • In your notebooks, describe another ecosystem that you have seen.
Internet Connect… • Your textbook offers a website that gives an online copy of your book! • www.discoveringscience.ca • This website also gives a list of links that can give you extra information on the topics we are studying. • On the homepage, click on “Student Center”, “Chapter 1” from the drop list, and “Internet Connect”. • Research Question: From the “Newfoundland Ecosystems Web Page”, list five ecosystems found in NL and identify the dominant animal and plant life found in each.
Section 1.1: Types of Ecosystems • Read pages 8-9 in your text. • An organism is… • a living thing. • Example: • Adaptations are… • Inherited characteristics that help organisms survive in their environment. • Example: • An habitat is.. • The particular place that an organism lives. • Example:
Types of Ecosystems (con’t)Abiotic and Biotic Parts of the Environment (p.8) • Biotic Factors are… • The livingparts of an organism’s environment. • Example: • Abiotic Factors are… • The non-living parts of an organism’s environment. • Example:
Types of Ecosystems (con’t)Abiotic and Biotic Parts of the Environment (p.8) • Identify the biotic and abiotic parts of this pond ecosystem.
Types of Ecosystems (con’t)Studying Ecosystems (p.9) • There are a variety of ecosystems on planet Earth! • Large ones – Atlantic ocean • Small ones – rotting log • Dry ones – Sahara desert • Wet ones – bogs • ETC.
Section 1.1: Types of Ecosystems • Complete the “Reading Check” on p.9. • In partners, complete Activity 1-1A: “What Do Living Things Need For Survival?” on p.10. • As a class, summarize what you learned from this activity in the space below.
Types of Ecosystems (con’t)Ecosystems in Atlantic Canada (p.10-12) • Read pp.10-12 to learn about five common ecosystems found in NL. • Coastlines • The coastlines of NL are very rocky and sometimes become covered with water as the tides wash in and out. • Organisms that call the coastlines their home can attach themselves to the rocks to avoid being washed away. • Examples: Seaweed, barnacles, mussels, starfish, and rock crabs.
Types of Ecosystems (con’t)Ecosystems in Atlantic Canada (p.10-12) • Oceans • The Labrador Current flows southward along the east coast of Canada. This current is responsible for our NON-tropical climate! • Our Atlantic ocean is COLD and so the marine life here must be adapted to live in its frigid temperatures. • Examples: Caplin, cod, seals, whales, jellyfish, etc. • Also, don’t forget the gulls! It wouldn’t be fishing in NL if you didn’t have a flock of gulls surrounding your boat!
Types of Ecosystems (con’t)Ecosystems in Atlantic Canada (p.10-12) • Freshwater: Rivers, Lakes, and Ponds • Can you name some popular rivers and lakes in NL? • NL’s freshwater provides a habitat for many different types of animals. Most common to us are salmon, trout, beavers, ducks, and frogs.
Types of Ecosystems (con’t)Ecosystems in Atlantic Canada (p.10-12) • Artic • The northernmost tip of Labrador has an artic ecosystem – it’s COLD! • Since it also has very little precipitation, it has been called a “cold desert”. • A meter below the surface of the ground, the soil is permanently frozen (permafrost). • Plant life: low shrubs, mosses, lichens, small flowering plants. • Animal life: caribou, musk, ox, wolves, artic foxes and hares, and lemmings. • Some birds rear their young here in the spring but must return south in winter due to the cold.
Types of Ecosystems (con’t)Ecosystems in Atlantic Canada (p.10-12) • Forests • Forest ecosystems cover the majority of NL. • Climate: Summers are cool while winters are wet. • Common trees: Black spruce, balsam fur, white birch, and mountain ash. • Animal Life: moose, caribou, black bear, lynx, red fox, pine marten, and mink. • Where drainage is poor, bogs and marshes often develop. The build-up of decaying material forms peat – a type of soil rich in nutrients.
Types of Ecosystems (con’t)Ecosystems in Atlantic Canada (p.10-12) • Complete the “Reading Check” on p.12. • Assignment #1A: • Complete the “Check Your Understanding” questions #1, 2, 3, 8, 10 on p.15. • Please complete these questions on loose leaf as it must be passed in. • Due date will be assigned and posted on our science website.