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Ecosystem

Ecosystem. Biotic (communities) and abiotic (environment) components within a given area Integrative Process-centered (energy flow and nutrient cycles). Solar radiation. Reflected by atmosphere. Radiated by atmosphere as heat. UV radiation. Lower Stratosphere (ozone layer). Most

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Ecosystem

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  1. Ecosystem • Biotic (communities) and abiotic (environment) components within a given area • Integrative • Process-centered (energy flow and nutrient cycles)

  2. Solar radiation Reflected by atmosphere Radiated by atmosphere as heat UV radiation Lower Stratosphere (ozone layer) Most absorbed by ozone Troposphere Visible light Heat radiated by the earth Heat Absorbed by the earth Greenhouse effect Fig. 3-8, p. 56

  3. Oxygen (O2) Precipitation Carbon dioxide (CO2) Producer Secondary consumer (fox) Primary consumer (rabbit) Producers Decomposers Water Soluble mineral nutrients Fig. 3-9, p. 57

  4. Energy Flow • Unidirectional movement of energy • Sustained directly or indirectly by photosynthesis • Food Chains • Food Webs

  5. Ecosystem Rates of Primary Productivity Differ Fig. 3-16, p. 64

  6. Both supported by primary production Food Chain

  7. Food Web • Interactions • Stability • Redundancy • Keystone species Why focus on a single species? Fig. 3-14, p. 63

  8. Nutrient Cycling • Movement of nutrients through an ecosystem • Can return to original form; therefore, can be reused • Reservoirs (abiotic and biotic) • Fluxes (process-driven)

  9. Nutrient Cycling – Human Impacts • Increase rate of removal from reservoirs • Constraints on processes • Create new fluxes

  10. Hydrological Cycle Fig. 3-17, p. 66

  11. Fig. 3-18, p. 68

  12. Biodiversity – the number and type of species, the genes they contain, and the ecosystem in which they live. Biocomplexity – properties emerging from the interplay of behavioral, biological, chemical, physical, and social interactions that affect, sustain, or are modified by living organisms, including humans. http://holisticbiology.stanford.edu/biocomplexity.pdf

  13. Ecosystem Services – processes by which environment produces resources often taken for granted – clean water, timber, habitat, carbon sequestration. What is the ‘natural capital’? Understanding ecological “roles” and balancing with human needs essential for developing sustainable uses

  14. Information on Ecosystem Services http://www.esa.org/education_diversity/pdfDocs/ecosystemservices.pdf http://www.uvm.edu/giee/publications/Nature_Paper.pdf http://www.ecosystemservicesproject.org/html/overview/index.htm

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