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Diabetic emergencies :

Diabetic emergencies :. Chapter 15 page 482. Diabetes. Diabetes - is a disorder of glucose metabolism or difficulty metabolizing carbohydrates, fats and proteins Full name is “ diabetes mellitus ” which refers to the presence of sugar in the urine

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Diabetic emergencies :

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  1. Diabetic emergencies: Chapter 15 page 482

  2. Diabetes • Diabetes- is a disorder of glucose metabolism or difficulty metabolizing carbohydrates, fats and proteins • Full name is “diabetes mellitus” which refers to the presence of sugar in the urine • Diabetes affects 6% of the population(this number is currently rising)

  3. Physical Characteristics • Characterized by: • the passing of large quantities of urine • significant thirst • deterioration of bodily functions • Complications include: • blindness • Decomposition of extremities • cardiovascular disease • kidney failure

  4. Types of diabetes: page 482 • Type 1- This typically develops in children • Many type 1 diabetics do not produce insulin at all making the (IDDM) insulin dependent Diabetes Mellitus, this requires them to take an injection each day • Type II- typically found later in life: • they do not produce enough insulin or the insulin they produce does not work effectively • Many times these people do not need to take insulin injections (NIDD) Non-insulin dependent diabetes

  5. 3 P’s • These three basic terms are used in the recognition and diagnosing of diabetes • Polyuria- frequent urination • Due to the body trying to eliminate un-digested glucose • Polydipsia- frequent drinking • Due to the dehydration resulting from frequent urination • Polyphagia- frequent eating • Due to the cells continually not getting the nutrients needed to sustain themselves

  6. Physiology • Acidosis- when the body cannot digest glucose properly they collect in the fatty tissue and cells • Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)- the type of acidosis resulting from diabetes

  7. Hyperglycemia • Hyperglycemia- glucose level is above normal (above 120) • Diabetic coma- results from acidosis and dehydration that caused by blood sugar is above 800 • Signs: • Kussmaul respirations- deep and labored • Dehydration • Acetone • Warm dry skin • Sunken eyes • Rapid pulse • Normal or low blood pressure • Varying degree of unresponsiveness

  8. Hypoglycemia • Hypoglycemia- glucose level is below normal (below80) • Insulin shock -results in insufficient nutrients getting to the bran caused by blood sugar below 40 • Caused by: • Taken too much insulin • Has not eaten enough food • Has exercised too much

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