Civil Rights in School Nutrition Programs

1. Civil Rights in School Nutrition Programs Civil Rights Compliance and Enforcement Training for Administrators November 2013

2. Content Covered 2 Civil Rights in School Nutrition Programs Public Notification Systems Non-discrimination Statement Complaint Information Ethnic and Race Data Collection Reasonable Accommodations Managing Complaints Compliance during a Review

3. Civil Rights Regulations in SNPs Civil Rights Regulations direct sponsors on the proper procedures to follow so that benefits of Child Nutrition Programs are made available to all eligible persons in a non-discriminatory manner All sponsors receiving Federal $$ must implement Civil Rights requirements to be eligible for all Child Nutrition Programs Food and Nutrition Services (FNS) Instruction 113 is the federal regulation governing Civil Rights in the Child Nutrition Programs 3

4. What are Civil Rights? 4 Civil Rights are: “The nonpolitical rights of a citizen; the rights of personal liberty guaranteed to U.S. citizens by the 13th and 14th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution and the acts of Congress.”

5. Civil Rights Laws • Title VI – Civil Rights Act of 1964 • Prohibits discrimination based on race, color, and national origin – including persons with Limited English Proficiency • Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 • Prohibits discrimination based on sex under any education program or activity that is receiving federal financial assistance • Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 • Prohibits discrimination based on disability 5

6. Civil Rights Laws • Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990 • Prohibits discrimination based on disability in all services, programs, and activities provided to the public by State and local governments, except public transportation services • Age Discrimination Act of 1975 • Prohibits discrimination based on age in programs or activities receiving Federal financial assistance • Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987 • Prohibits discrimination based on race, color, and national origin 6

7. What is Discrimination? • Discrimination the act of distinction of one person or a group of persons from others; either intentionally, by neglect, or by actions or lack of actions based on their protected classes • Protected classes: • Race • Color • National Origin • Sex • Age • Disability 7

8. Examples of Unlawful Discrimination • Giving one group or type of participants larger or extra helpings of food while not providing the same to other groups or types of participants • Serving boys larger portions than girls • Separating genders • Putting the girls separate from the boys 8

9. Examples of Unlawful Discrimination • Failing to provide program information to all potential program participants • Not distributing program information in all language specific to the population of the service area such as Spanish • Failing to provide children with special needs accommodating meals 9

10. Public Notification System 10

11. Methods of Public Notification Must include a non-discrimination statement Inform of programs or changes in programs (eligibility, benefits, and services, the location of local facilities or service delivery points, and hours of service). Can be communicated by methods such as internet, newspaper articles, radio and television announcements, letters, leaflets, brochures, computer applications, and bulletins. 11

12. Methods of Public Notification http://www.fns.usda.gov/cr/justice.htm • In each school • In a location that is easily visible to the students and the public in the food service area Prominently Display the “And Justice for All” USDA nondiscrimination poster 12

13. Non-discrimination Statement & Complaint Information Not Current Non-discrimination Statement “In accordance with Federal law and U.S. Department of Agriculture policy, this institution is prohibited from discriminating on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age, or disability. Complaint Statement To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call 800-795-3272 or 202-720-6382 (TTY). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.” 13

14. Non-discrimination Statement The U.S. Department of Agriculture prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the bases of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or employment activities.) 14

15. Complaint Information If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Complaint Form, found online at http://www.ascr.usda.gov/complaint_filing_cust.html, or at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may also write a letter containing all of information requested in the form. Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department of Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at program.intake@usda.gov. 15

16. Non-discrimination Statement for Small Materials Not Current If the material is too small to permit the full statement to be included, the material will, at a minimum, include the following statement in print size no smaller than the text: “This institution is an equal opportunity provider.” 16

17. Non-discrimination Statement for Small Materials If the material is too small to permit the full statement to be included, the material will, at a minimum, include the following statement in print size no smaller than the text: “USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.” 17

18. Non-Discrimination Statement Must be included in informational materials Convey the message of equal opportunity in all photographic and other graphics used to provide program or program-related information Not required to be imprinted on small items where deemed impractical (cups, buttons, magnets, pens, etc.) 18

19. Racial/Ethnic Data Collection • SNP operators need to establish a system to collect racial and ethnic data • Data is used to determine how effectively your program is reaching potentially eligible children and where outreach may be needed • Data must be collected on an annual basis • For schools, this data is typically collected at the time of student enrollment or by other student data systems • Sponsor collects data from Free/Reduced Priced Applications, or staff may make a visual identification of participants’ categories (I.E. Summer Food Service Program and CACFP) • Records must be kept for 3 yrs. + current in secure manner 19

20. Ethnic Categories • There are 2 Ethnic Categories. Choose 1: • Hispanic or Latino: persons of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture, or origin regardless of race • Not Hispanic or Latino 20

21. Racial Categories • There are 5 Racial Categories. Option to Choose 1 or more • Black or African American • Asian • American Indian & Alaska Native • White • Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 21

22. Reasonable Accommodations - Disability • All sponsors participating in Child Nutrition Programs are required to provide food substitutions or modifications if: • A physicians statement is on file that describes the participant’s disability (a disability as defined in federal regulations) that prevents the participant from eating the regularly offered foods, and… • The physician has indicated the substitutions or modifications that the participant needs The Special Diet Statement from the physician must be kept on file at the facility/school 22

23. Reasonable Accommodations – Limited English Proficiency (LEP) Refer to FNS Instruction 113-1 pg. 10 Definition: Individuals who do not speak English as their primary language and have a limited ability to read, speak, write, or understand English. • Upon request, make available to the public, participants, and potential participants information about program eligibility, benefits, services, and the procedures for filing a complaint, in English and/or in the appropriate translation to non-English speaking persons • If needed, the use of alternative means of communication (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) are required 23

24. Civil Rights Training • All staff who work with Child Nutrition Programs must receive training on all aspects of civil rights compliance annually. • Examples of specific subject matter: • Collecting/recording racial/ethnic data • Where to display “And Justice for All” posters • What is and how to handle a Civil Rights complaint • Reasonable Accommodations for special dietary needs • Requirements for language assistance • Conflict resolution and customer service • Retain training records, including the agenda and sign in sheet of the people who received civil rights training 24

25. Administrative Reviews Civil Rights Compliance During an Administrative Review What CDE OSN will look at 25

26. Review Questions and Documents 26

27. Review Questions and Documents 27

28. Scenario #1 Through your data collection procedures, you recognized that even though the community is composed of a large Hispanic population (40 percent), only 2 percent of Hispanics are eligible for meal benefits. What outreach efforts would you take to increase Hispanic program participation? 28

29. Possible Solutions Scenario #1 Educational information or materials may be needed in other languages Provide outreach to other programs in the area which serves the Hispanic population 29

30. Scenario #2 On occasion, the cafeteria will have leftovers following the last lunch period and will offer them to the boys in the group. Is this practice discriminatory and if so on what basis? 30

31. Scenario #2 • Yes, based on sex • Yes, based on age • Yes, based on national origin • No, boys need more food 31

32. Summary of CR • Prominently display the And Justice for All poster • Non-discrimination statement must be on all printed materials available to the public which mention USDA and/or Child Nutrition meals and snacks • Collect and maintain Racial/Ethnic Data annually • Make reasonable accommodations for persons with disabilities • Train staff annually on Civil Rights and document the training • Develop & fully implement the sponsor’s CR Complaint Procedure • Make available to all staff Civil Rights complaint form and Civil Rights Log 32