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Role of Biotechnologies for Biofuel Production in Developing Countries The Bioenergy dimension

Role of Biotechnologies for Biofuel Production in Developing Countries The Bioenergy dimension Jeff Tschirley Environment, Climate change and Bioenergy (Nrc) Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome, Italy 12 October 2007. Food security issues

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Role of Biotechnologies for Biofuel Production in Developing Countries The Bioenergy dimension

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  1. Role of Biotechnologies for Biofuel Production in Developing Countries The Bioenergy dimension Jeff Tschirley Environment, Climate change and Bioenergy (Nrc) Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome, Italy 12 October 2007

  2. Food security issues • Food availability, access, stability and use • Fluctuations and increases in food commodity prices • Food availability at times of crisis • Restrictions on access to markets • Tradeoffs in different bioenergy systems as regards rural employment, income opportunities

  3. Developed market economies9 Countries in transition25 854 million (820 in developing countries) Sub-Saharan Africa206 Asia and Pacific524 Near East and North Africa38 212 million India 150 million China Latin America and Caribbean52 Where are the hungry?

  4. Environmental and sustainability issues • Rapid land use change • Land rights and tenure • Total land availability • Availability and quality of water resources • Effects of agro-chemicals • Distribution of benefits • Wages, rural employment

  5. Some key questions • What are the bioenergy options for food insecure countries – trade, employment, technology? • How may fluctuating commodity prices – potentially positive for producers, negative for poor consumers – affect food availability? • Can inequities (land tenure, market access, etc) be reduced? • Who is best placed to anticipate, monitor and address conflicts? • How may changing bioenergy technology (1st v. 2nd generation) affect tropical developing countries?

  6. How is FAO contributing? • Bioenergy programme facility - direct assistance to countries, guidelines, data, country analysis • Knowledge – Webshore http://www.bioenergywebshore.com International bioenergy information system (iBis) • Partnerships – International Bioenergy Platform, Global Bioenergy Partnership • Analysis – BEFS, SOFA 2008 • Structural and programme re-orientation

  7. Fritsche, 2007

  8. GHG emissions from transport fuels; data in g/kWh incl. upstream life-cycles and by-product credits (from: GEMIS 4.4)

  9. Some key challenges • Policy and legislative frameworks that facilitate sustainable approaches to bioenergy development • Estimating national bioenergy production potential with sufficient accuracy for informed national decisions • Coordinating bioenergy investment flows against realistic policy and programme objectives • Certifications schemes that are flexible, cost effective and do not penalize participation by small-scale producers • Mechanisms for developing countries to compete with technological change

  10. Thank you

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