International business

1. International business Text Price Terms of Export Teacher:杨可心

2. Content • Part I Text • Part II Vocabulary • Part III Useful expressions • Part IV Additional knowledge • Part V Assignment

3. New Words • tackle [ 'tækl ] v.处理 • particularly [pə' tikjuləli ] adv. 特别，尤其，详细地 • indispensable[ indis'pensəbl ] adj.不可缺少的 • calculation[ kælkju'leiʃən ] v.计算 • incidental[ insi'dentl ] adj.附带的，伴随的

4. New Words • freightage ['freiteidʒi ]n.货运 • tariff ['tærif ] n.关税，关税率 • premium['pri:mjəm]n.奖赏，酬金，保险费 • procure [prə'kjuə] v.获得，取得 • accompany[ə'kʌmpəni] v.陪伴，伴随

5. New Words • damage['dæmidʒ]v.毁坏，损害 n. 损失，损害 • liability[lai ə'biliti]n.责任，义务

6. Price Terms of Export It becomes apparent that every business is confronted witha pricing problem. Businessmen are particularly interested in seeing the goods of their firms sold in sufficient volume and at profitable price. Prices occupy a position of first-rank importance and present some of the key problems with which they are forced to contend. The same is true of the foreign trade. To some extent, the pricing problem an exporter tacklesis more complicated that that in home trade.

7. In addition to the cost of goods included in the calculation of the export price, the price quotations in expenses of freightage, insurance, loading, unloading and other incidental charges, and to bear the risks in case of the goods being damaged. It is essential that a foreign trade merchant should know how an export quotation is made.

8. In calculating an export price the exporter has first to take into accountthe various costs and charges involved in procuring the goods. They are generally the purchasing cost of the goods, inland freight, packing expenses, warehousing charges, commodity inspection fees,export tariffs, import duties and entry fees,commissions, and other charges.

9. In some cases, ocean freight and insurance premiums are also covered in the quotation. Consideration, of course, is also given to the gross profit when a quotation is being formed.

10. Besides the costs and charges listed above, the exporter has to include in the quotation other three items, i.e., the kind of currency, measurement unit, and the price terms. For example, “US$ 350 per metric ton C.I.F. New York, in which “C.I.F. New York” is indispensable in a foreign trade quotation.

11. Evidently, it is vitalto mention the specified measurement unit and the kind of currency as many countries use different systems of measures, weights and currencies. Moreover, the price terms must define the method of accompanying charges, and assume the liability in case damage or loss of the goods occurs.

12. To foreign trade businessmen forming a quotation is a matter of particular interest, which is worthy of notice.

13. Vocabulary 1 Tackle: v. To take on and wrestle with (an opponent or a problem, for example). • 着手处理：接受（比如一名对手或一个问题）的挑战并与之拼搏 e.g. The question set by the teacher was so difficult that the pupils did not know how to tackle it. • 老师提的问题是那样难，以致于学生们不知道怎么解决。

14. 2.calculatoin:n. The act, process, or result of calculating. 3.procure: v. To get by special effort; obtain or acquire: • 获得，取得：通过特别的努力得到；获得或取得：e.g. managed to procure a pass. • 设法获取护照

15. 4. premium: n. A prize or an award. 5. accompany: v. To be or go with as a companion. E.g. • She went to Europe accompanied by her colleague. • 她和她的同事一道去欧洲。

16. 6.damage:v./n. Impairment of the usefulness or value of person or property; harm. • 损害，破坏：对有用或有价值的人或财产的破坏；伤害

17. Useful expressions • 1. …is confronted with…使面对 • The defendant was confronted with incontrovertible evidence of guilt. • 被告被传来面对他确凿的罪证。 • The prisoner was confronted with his accusers. 那犯人被传与起诉者对质。

18. 2.take into account: To take into consideration; allow for. • 考虑；顾及

19. 3. be vital to… : 对… …很重要

20. Additional knowledge • 1 C&F (cost & freight)成本加运费价 2 T/T (telegraphic transfer)电汇 3 D/P (document against payment)付款交单 4 D/A (document against acceptance)承兑交单 5 C.O (certificate of origin)一般原产地证 

21. 6 G.S.P.( generalized system of preferences)普惠制 7 CTN/CTNS (carton/cartons)纸箱 8 PCE/PCS (piece/pieces)只、个、支等 9 DL/DLS (dollar/dollars)美元 10 DOZ/DZ (dozen)一打 

22. 11 PKG (package)一包，一捆，一扎，一件等 12 WT (weight)重量 13 G.W. (gross weight)毛重 14 N.W. (net weight)净重 15 C/D (customs declaration)报关单 

23. 16 EA (each)每个，各 17 W (with)具有 18 w/o (without)没有 19 FAC (facsimile)传真

24. ASSIGNMENT • Translate the following passage into Chinese. • It becomes apparent that every business is confronted with a pricing problem. Businessmen are particularly interested in seeing the goods of their firms sold in sufficient volume and at profitable prices. Prices occupy a position of first-rank importance and present some of the key problems with which they are forced to contend.

25. ASSIGNMENT • The same is true of the foreign trade. To some extent, the pricing problem an exporter tackles is more complicated than that in home trade. In addition to the cost of goods included in the calculation of the export price, the price quotations in expenses of freightage, insurance, loading, unloading and other incidental charges, and to bear the risks in case of the goods being damaged. It is essential that a foreign trade merchant should know how an export quotation is made.