IF YOU MISSED THIS CLASS, YOU NEED TO:

1. 1920s—DECADE OF CONFLICT IF YOU MISSED THIS CLASS, YOU NEED TO: 2 • 1)  DO THE DQ FOR THE DAY. WRITE THE DAILY QUOTE AND ANSWER THE QUESTION FOR THE DAY. • 2) COPY THE NOTES (I GET MY COPY BACK). • DO THE BURMA SHAVE ACTIVITY • READ THE ARTICLE. DECIDE GUILTY OR NOT, CREATE A LIST OF SUPPORT FOR YOUR DECISION.

2. 2 Daily Quote &Question (DQ) 2 “I AM THE LAW IN INDIANA” -DAVID STEPHENSON SONG FOR THE DAY: 1. WAITING ON THE WORLD TO CHANGE How did heroes change in the 1920? Who were some of the most popular heroes of the day?

4. “I AM THE LAW IN INDIANA” -DAVID STEPHENSON Daily Comment & Card 1920 SACCO AND VANZETTI -Two gunmen robbed a factory and killed two men in Massachusetts -Sacco and Vanzetti (Italian immigrants and anarchists) were tried for the murders. -Despite years of protesting that they had not received a fair trail, the men were executed in 1927, reflecting anti-immigrant sentiments in the United States. SONG FOR THE DAY: WAITING ON THE WORLD TO CHANGE

5. “I AM THE LAW IN INDIANA” -DAVID STEPHENSON Daily Comment & Card 1921 EMERGENCY QUOTA ACT -One of a series of acts by Congress that limited immigration -Immigration was limited by nationality to three percent of the number of foreign- born persons from that nation living in the U.S. in 1910 -Designation restricted only certain nationalities and religious groups. -In effect, targeted Italians, Greeks, Poles, and Eastern European Jews. SONG FOR THE DAY: (I come from the) LAND DOWN UNDER

6. “I AM THE LAW IN INDIANA” -DAVID STEPHENSON Daily Comment & Card 1920 1921 EMERGENCY QUOTA ACT SACCO AND VANZETTI -Two gunmen robbed a factory and killed two men in Massachusetts -Sacco and Vanzetti (Italian immigrants and anarchists) were tried for the murders. -Despite years of protesting that they had not received a fair trial, the men were executed in 1927, reflecting anti-immigrant sentiments in the United States. -One of a series of acts by Congress that limited immigration -Immigration was limited by nationality to three percent of the number of foreign- born persons from that nation living in the U.S. in 1910 -Designation restricted only certain nationalities and religious groups. -In effect, targeted Italians, Greeks, Poles, and Eastern European Jews. SONG FOR THE DAY: WAITING ON THE WORLD TO CHANGE

7. 1920s: A DECADE OF CONFLICT • REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTS • BUSINESS THRIVES/PEOPLE IN POVERTY • RURAL V. URBAN CONFLICT

8. THE 1920s WAS A TIME OF REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTS… • HARDING • wanted a return to “NORMALCY” • WILLIAM H. TAFT (CHIEF JUSTICE) • SCANDAL!! (Harding dies before…) ALBERT FALL(SEC OF INTERIOR) TEAPOT DOME SCANDAL (oil reserves, bribes)

9. 2. COOLIDGE (Harding’s VP) -finishes Harding-then wins in 1924 • NICKNAMED “SILENT CAL” • “THE BUSINESS OF AMERICA IS BUSINESS” • SAID NO TO BONUS ARMY & VETOED BILL TO HELP FARMERS

10. 3. HOOVER (Coolidge doesn’t run in 1928) • SERVED UNDER WILSON, HARDING, COOLIDGE • RAN AGAINST ALFRED SMITH -IMMIGRANT FAMILY -CATHOLIC -AGAINST PROHIBITION THE GREAT DEPRESSION HITS DURING HIS PRESIDENCY… Seen as “big city”

11. DURING THIS TIME PERIOD, AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY IS ISOLATIONIST…AFTER ALL, THEY GOT US INVOLVED IN THAT WAR. WE INSTITUTE THE DAWES PLAN TO HELP GERMANY MAKE REPARATIONS. WE LOAN GERMANY MONEY TO MAKE PAYMENTS TO GB & FR; THEY USE THAT MONEY TO REPAY DEBTS TO THE U.S… THE KELLOGG-BRIAND PACT RENOUNCES AGGRESSIVE USE OF FORCE -UNLESS IT IS IN DEFENSE -BUT NO ACTION AGAINST VIOLATORS

12. WHY IS BUSINESS DOING WELL? • PRODUCTION IS UP • (FORD ASSEMBLY LINE) • 2) ENERGY TECHNOLOGY • (OIL, ELECTRIC MOTORS) • 3) GOVERNMENT POLICY • (FAVORS BUSINESS)

13. THIS IS THE ROARING 20s, THE PARTY DECADE; HOWEVER, 40% OF FAMILIES LIVE BELOW POVERTY LEVEL AND MAKE < $1,500 A YEAR!

14. THE MAIN CONFLICT IS A RURAL V. URBAN; TRADITIONAL V. MODERN IDEOLOGY… • PROHIBITION • FUNDAMENTALISM • KLAN ACTIVITY • XENOPHOBIA

15. 1. PROHIBITION -ONCE IT TOOK EFFECT, GANG WARFARE BEGINS. PEOPLE LIKE AL CAPONE TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE PUBLIC’S DESIRE FOR THE ILLEGAL SUBSTANCE. IT PROVIDES THEM AN INCOME… -BOOTLEGGERS -RUM RUNNERS -SPEAKEASIES -BATHTUB GIN -MOONSHINE

16. -enforcement almost impossible. -leads to rise of gang activity Al Capone St. Valentine’s Day Massacre (1929) 7 members of Moran gang killed public sentiment against organized crime -Elliot Ness and the “UNTOUCHABLES” helped get indictments against Capone PROHIBITION IS REPEALED WITH 21ST AMENDMENT!

17. FUNDAMENTALISM • THE BEST EXAMPLE OF THIS CLASH IS THE SCOPES MONKEY TRIAL • SCOPES IS BIOLOGY TEACHER • INTENTIONALLY BREAKS LAW AND TEACHES EVOLUTION • CLARENCE DARROW (Scope’s attorney) VS. WILLIAM JENNINGS BRYAN • STILL A SOURCE OF CONTROVERSY • Scopes fined $100 (overturned) In 1968, the Supreme Court ruled that laws against teaching evolution were illegal…

18. KLAN ACTIVITY • BECOMES A POLITICAL FORCE DURING THIS TIME! • AGAINST CATHOLICS, JEWS, UNIONS, SOCIALISTS, FOREIGNERS, COMMUNISTS… • POPULARITY IS HURT IN 1925 WHEN GRAND DRAGON DAVID STEPHENSON IS TRIED FOR THE DEATH OF A YOUNG WOMAN. (INDIANA) I AM THE LAW IN INDIANA

19. XENOPHOBIA • THE FEAR OF FOREIGNERS LEADS TO NATIVISM… • AMERICA INSTITUTES QUOTAS FOR IMMIGRATION RESTRICTION • EMERGENCY QUOTA ACT (1921) • IMMIGRATION ACT OF 1924 • 1921= 3% OF 1910 • 1924= 2% OF 1890 • IMMIGRATION FROM ASIA STOPPED… • THE TRIAL OF SACCO & VANZETTI (1921) AND THEIR EXECUTION IN 1927 IS USED AS AN EXAMPLE!