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Single Firm Conduct: EU / US convergences and divergences . Michel Debroux November 28, 2007 Brussels. Who said « divergences » ? …. ".
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Single Firm Conduct: EU / US convergences and divergences Michel Debroux November 28, 2007 Brussels
Who said « divergences » ? … " “We are concerned that the standard applied to unilateral conduct (…) may have the unfortunate consequence of harming consumers by chilling innovation and discouraging competition” " " “In the US, the antitrust laws are enforced to protect consumers by protecting competition, not competitors ..” "
Convergences • In the EU, antitrust enforcement remains primarily a matter of State (or EC) authorities, with limited –although increasing – role of (a) criminal penalties and (b) private damage actions. • But on some major issues, even though enforcement tools, procedures or priorities may differ, there is no divergence on the basic principles : • Cartel enforcement and tools • Horizontal mergers • Need for international cooperation
Single Firm Conduct Approach: Divergences ? • Different legal ground: • EU: « abuse of dominant position » and importance of the achievement of the Single Market • US: Monopolization or Attempted Monopolization
Single Firm Conduct Approach: Divergences ? • Stated similar objective: preventing harm to consumer • But the devil is in the details: how to assess actual or potential harm to consumers? • Which test? • Example: should the ability of a dominant firm to recoup losses be taken into account in the predation test?
Single Firm Conduct Approach: Divergences ? • Innovation and Antitrust • Is the Microsoft ruling an invitation to “chill innovators”? • « Bundling » and « fostering innovation »: the ruling’s lessons
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