43. The Romantic Song

1. The Enjoyment of Music 10th Edition 43. The Romantic Song German art song Lied, Lieder 42 (Chr), 13 (Std). The Romantic Song German art song, or Lied ( solo voice and piano), was one of most favored genres Plural is Lieder42 (Chr), 13 (Std). The Romantic Song German art song, or Lied ( solo voice and piano), was one of most favored genres Plural is Lieder

2. The Enjoyment of Music 10th Edition Types of Song Structure Strophic Through-composed forms (durchkomponiert) Modified strophic Type of Song Structure Strophic: same melody repeated with each stanza, or strophe, of poem Through-composed forms (durchkomponiert, in German): no repetitions of whole sections, music follows the story line Modified strophic: combines features of two other formsType of Song Structure Strophic: same melody repeated with each stanza, or strophe, of poem Through-composed forms (durchkomponiert, in German): no repetitions of whole sections, music follows the story line Modified strophic: combines features of two other forms

3. The Enjoyment of Music 10th Edition The Lied German text Voice and piano Romantic composers of the genre: Franz Schubert, Robert Schumann, Johannes Brahms, Hugo Wolf, Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel, Clara Schumann, Amy Cheney Beach Song cycle Love and nature Romantic poets: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Heinrich Heine Popularity of the piano The Lied German-texted solo vocal song with piano accompaniment Romantic composers of the genre: Franz Schubert, Robert Schumann, Johannes Brahms, Hugo Wolf, Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel, Clara Schumann, Amy Cheney Beach Song cycle: groups of Lieder unified in some way The poetry of the Lied exploits themes of love and nature Romantic poets: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Heinrich Heine Popularity of art song aided by emergence of the piano as universal household instrumentThe Lied German-texted solo vocal song with piano accompaniment Romantic composers of the genre: Franz Schubert, Robert Schumann, Johannes Brahms, Hugo Wolf, Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel, Clara Schumann, Amy Cheney Beach Song cycle: groups of Lieder unified in some way The poetry of the Lied exploits themes of love and nature Romantic poets: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Heinrich Heine Popularity of art song aided by emergence of the piano as universal household instrument

4. The Enjoyment of Music 10th Edition 44. Schubert and the Lied Franz Schubert (1797�1828) Viennese composer Early musical prowess Socially shy Gifted songwriter �Schubertiads� Home and salon concerts Regional fame Death at an early age (31) from syphilis 43 (Chr), 14 (Std). Schubert and the Lied Franz Schubert (1797�1828) Viennese composer Early musical prowess Socially shy Gifted songwriter Schubert�s friends gathered to hear his music at �Schubertiads� Music world centered in the home and salon concerts Not an internationally known virtuoso Death at an early age (31) from syphilis43 (Chr), 14 (Std). Schubert and the Lied Franz Schubert (1797�1828) Viennese composer Early musical prowess Socially shy Gifted songwriter Schubert�s friends gathered to hear his music at �Schubertiads� Music world centered in the home and salon concerts Not an internationally known virtuoso Death at an early age (31) from syphilis

5. The Enjoyment of Music 10th Edition Schubert�s Music Classical and Romantic traits Symphonies and chamber music = Viennese Classicism Piano works and lieder = Romantic 600-plus songs Schubert�s Music Symphonies are Classical Lieder and piano pieces are wholly Romantic Chamber music is directly in line with Viennese Classicism Piano works exhibit a new lyricism More than 600 songsSchubert�s Music Symphonies are Classical Lieder and piano pieces are wholly Romantic Chamber music is directly in line with Viennese Classicism Piano works exhibit a new lyricism More than 600 songs

6. The Enjoyment of Music 10th Edition Schubert: Erlking (Erlk�nig) (Listening Guide) Goethe Piano establishes atmosphere Four characters: narrator, father, son, Erlking One singer Through-composed Obsessive triplets in piano Erlking (Erlking) (Listening Guide) Masterpiece of Schubert�s youth Poem by Goethe Eerie atmosphere established by the piano Galloping of horse emulated by piano Poem�s four characters: narrator, father, son, Erlking, are all sung by one person Through-composed, music follows the action Obsessive triplets in piano drop out at end for dramatic effectErlking (Erlking) (Listening Guide) Masterpiece of Schubert�s youth Poem by Goethe Eerie atmosphere established by the piano Galloping of horse emulated by piano Poem�s four characters: narrator, father, son, Erlking, are all sung by one person Through-composed, music follows the action Obsessive triplets in piano drop out at end for dramatic effect

7. The Enjoyment of Music 10th Edition 45. Robert Schumann and the Song Cycle Robert Schumann (1810�1856) German composer and critic Friedrich Wieck Physical difficulties Turned to composition and music criticism Neue Zeitschrift f�r Musik (New Journal for Music) Clara Wieck Married in 1840, against father�s wishes Clara as interpreter of piano works Periods of depression, final breakdown Institutionalized Died at 46 44 (Chr), 15 (Std). Robert Schumann and the Song Cycle Robert Schumann (1810�1856) German composer and critic Left law studies to pursue music Aspired to be a pianist, studied with Friedrich Wieck Physical difficulties with right hand ended piano career Turned to composition and music criticism Established journal Neue Zeitschrift f�r Musik (New Journal for Music) Courted Clara Wieck (16 years old) They were finally married in 1840, against father�s wishes Clara interpreted Robert�s compositions for piano Robert suffered increasing periods of depression Final breakdown was a failed attempt at suicide Institutionalized for last two years of life Died at 4644 (Chr), 15 (Std). Robert Schumann and the Song Cycle Robert Schumann (1810�1856) German composer and critic Left law studies to pursue music Aspired to be a pianist, studied with Friedrich Wieck Physical difficulties with right hand ended piano career Turned to composition and music criticism Established journal Neue Zeitschrift f�r Musik (New Journal for Music) Courted Clara Wieck (16 years old) They were finally married in 1840, against father�s wishes Clara interpreted Robert�s compositions for piano Robert suffered increasing periods of depression Final breakdown was a failed attempt at suicide Institutionalized for last two years of life Died at 46

8. The Enjoyment of Music 10th Edition Schumann�s Music Impassioned melody, novel harmony, driving rhythms Literary meanings in music Lieder, wrote several song cycles Four symphonies Emotional exuberance, impassioned melody, novel harmony, driving rhythms Attached literary meanings to his music Prolific composer of Lieder, wrote several song cycles Four symphoniesEmotional exuberance, impassioned melody, novel harmony, driving rhythms Attached literary meanings to his music Prolific composer of Lieder, wrote several song cycles Four symphonies

9. The Enjoyment of Music 10th Edition Schumann: �In the lovely month of May,� from A Poet�s Love (Dichterliebe) (Listening Guide ) Song cycle, psychological progression 1st song in cycle Speaks of fragility of new love Strophic form Schumann: �And if the flowers knew,� from A Poet�s Love (Dichterliebe) (Listening Guide) Song cycle, psychological progression Comes from year of marriage, �year of song� 8th song in cycle Speaks of lovesick grief Modified strophic form, 4 versesSchumann: �And if the flowers knew,� from A Poet�s Love (Dichterliebe) (Listening Guide) Song cycle, psychological progression Comes from year of marriage, �year of song� 8th song in cycle Speaks of lovesick grief Modified strophic form, 4 verses