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Care of Children and Young People with Cancer Central Venous Catheters (CVCs) Recommendations for Future Practice

Care of Children and Young People with Cancer Central Venous Catheters (CVCs) Recommendations for Future Practice. Scotland. Learning Outcomes . Overview of the demographics/aetiology of children and young people with cancer within United Kingdom (UK)

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Care of Children and Young People with Cancer Central Venous Catheters (CVCs) Recommendations for Future Practice

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  1. Care of Children and Young People with Cancer Central Venous Catheters (CVCs) Recommendations for Future Practice

  2. Scotland

  3. Learning Outcomes • Overview of the demographics/aetiology of children and young people with cancer within United Kingdom (UK) • Consider the use of CVC/s in children and young people with cancer and the suitability of each CVC for each individual and the family

  4. Demographics • 1,700 diagnosed in UK * • 150 diagnosed in Scotland**40 between 16-18 years of age • 2nd cause of death in childhood** • 76% survival rates** • Cancer is a key priority in UK* • Nursed within hospital and/or home setting Source: * CCLG 2009 **Scottish Government 2008

  5. Childhood Cancer • Children are not small adults • Different from adult cancers • Two most common occurring cancers are: • Leukaemia • Brain and spinal tumours • Since 1960’s great advances in treatment • 1977 UKCCSG began and centralisation of care evolved (CCLG 2009)

  6. Childhood Cancer The graph shows the % of children diagnosed with each type of cancer per year in the UK National Statistics (2005)

  7. Aetiology • There are many theories & possible factors • A vast amount of research • Parents blame themselves/others • Main possible factors: • Person: • (lifestyle, age, infection) • Environmental: • (geographical distribution, radioactive materials, electricity pylons) • Genetic Predisposition: • (inherited abnormal gene, mutation)

  8. Contributing Factors • Improved experience of the cancer journey • Paediatric oncology centres • Multidisciplinary team • Therapeutic advances – national protocols • Combination chemotherapy • Radiotherapy • Surgery • Transplantation • Supportive care

  9. 4 year old child with a solid tumour Limited preparation for insertion CVC Child needle phobic Learning about the CVC through play Double-Lumen Portocatheter

  10. A Scenario from Clinical Practice • This child would scream, kick and shout, “ Please don’t hurt me, no needles, noneedles” when she first arrived on the ward. The type of CVC this little girl has is a Double-LP.

  11. 13 year old young lad withLeukaemia Hickman (double-lumen initially inserted) Became infected Now has Hickman single-lumen Hickman Catheter

  12. Recommendations • Preparation – insertion of CVC/type • Accessing • Empowerment – Child, young person and the Family

  13. All family members to be involved Negotiation Support Education Source: (Hollis et al 2008) Family Participation

  14. Any questions? Wendy McInally w.mcinally@napier.ac.uk 0131 455 5343

  15. References • CCLG (2009) http://ukccsg.org/ • Hollis R, Denton S and Chapman G in Gibson F and Soanes L (2008) Cancer in Children and Young People, Acute Nursing Care London John Wiley & Sons Ltd • McInally W (2005) Whose Line is it Anyway? Paediatric Nursing17(5): 14-18 • National Statistics (2009) http://www.statistics.gov.uk/CCI/nugget.asp?ID=854&Pos=1&ColRank=2&Rank=224 • Scottish Government 2008 http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2008/02/25093458/14

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