The Neuro Capsule September 2006 The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)…

1. The Neuro CapsuleSeptember 2006The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)…

2. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Stress, it’s life… Distress, it’s sickness… Eustress, it’s happiness… and we live it… A distress involves many repetitive events. We are then speaking of « chronic stress».

3. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Definition The PTSD taked place following a particularly traumatizing event, at the mental, psycho-emotive or physical level. For the person, the indescriptable or unimaginable nature of the event, the intensity or the assiduous repetition leaves an indelible mark, at that time, we are speaking of PTSD.

4. Some statistics… The last statistics show that the PTSD is a worlwide reality and its incidence increases according to the event to the psycho-socio-environmental event… In 2004, the following figures show the importance of this syndrome at a worldwide level, for the countries of North America, Australia, some Western Europe countries and, some countries of a particular interest for NeuroAXIS Inc. US Census Bureau, 2004

5. NORTH AMERICA AND AUSTRALIA COUNTRIES US Census Bureau, 2004

6. WESTERN EUROPE COUNTRIES US Census Bureau, 2004

7. PARTICULAR CASES’ COUNTRIES FOR NEUROAXIS US Census Bureau, 2004

8. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) The criterions related to its diagnosis: • The exposed person was overcome by fear, powerlessness or horror at the time of the event. • The registered perceptions and sensations are expressed at the mental (images, thoughts) or the sensorial level (sight, noise, touch, smell). • The profound and persistent need to avoid or to forget from the associated stimuli to the traumatism is omnipresent: (thoughts, feelings, conversation, geographical place, crowd).

9. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) The criterions related to its diagnosis: • The symptoms related to an increase of the stimulus (hyper vigilance, irritability, lack of concentration, anger, sleep disorders) persist since more than a month. • The PTSD can create a significative clinical distress or a deterioration of the social and occupational behavior.

10. Our results… The acute and chronic stress After studying the impacts of varied acute and chronic stress, we are able to figure out some comments: • The acute stress is normaly well assimilated by the organism at the neuro-psycho-physiological level and leaves the place to an other life’s experience… • The chronic stress induces some indelible at the sensorial, emotive and mental level and it will stay engraved in the memory for a longtime… • Our motto « I remember of… » is applicable.

11. Our results… The chronic stress • The chronic stress induces some metabolic changes,measurable quantitatively at the clinical level. Indeed, our « SymPathTest » allows to distinguish between the anxious states from the depressive states. • Following a diagnostic, a neurobio-psycho-social approach is now available through to a customized coaching within our Neuro  Éduc program . • The chronic stress as such PTSD can therefore be understood, managed and take in charge by the sick person through an integrated approach based on optimization of its neuro-physiology.

12. SymPath and its clinical values Clinical Values in 890 Subjects Human Serum DBH Enzyme Activity Population Clinical Values* Activity 18 %  30 LOW DEPRESSIVE STATES** 67 % 30-70 NORMAL 15 %  70 HIGH ANXIOUS DISORDERS ** *Results are expressed in nmoles of octopamine formed/mL of serum/min (IU). ** More advanced clinical Investigation is needed.

13. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder The pharmacological and neurobio-psycho-behavioral approach in relation with the results of our SymPath Test …for… • Anxious Disorders • Integrated and suggested therapeutical approaches for the attending physician • Pharmacological therapy • Benzodiazepines • Selective inhibitors of serotonin re-uptake • Behavioral therapy : Neuro  Éduc • Depressive States • Integrated and suggested therapeutical approaches for the attending physician • Pharmacological therapy • Selective inhibitors of noradrenaline re-uptake • Antidepressors • IMAO • Antipsychotics • Behavioral therapy  : Neuro  Éduc

14. Our conclusions The PTSD is treated by a pharmacological approach prescribed by the physician and by a neurobio-psycho-social approach based on the optimization of the neurophysiology of the person integrating a verbal, non-verbal and cognitive approach. The PTSD induces some physio-pathological behaviors related to the neurochemistry of emotions.