Africa Review

1. Africa Review Mr. Halter/Ms. Bernal

2. One way in which the civilizations of the Sumerians, the Phoenicians, and the Maya were similar is that each • developed extensive writing systems  • emphasized equality in education  • established monotheistic religions  • encouraged democratic participation in government 

3. British control over South Africa, French control over Indochina, and Spanish control over Mexico are examples of… • isolationism  • appeasement  • nonalignment  • imperialism 

4. After 1880, European nations sought colonies in Africa primarily because the Europeans were • in need of land for their surplus populations  • competing of raw materials and markets  • determined to bring Christianity to the Moslem world  • interested in completing their geographic knowledge of the world 

5.   In the Republic of South Africa, the primary goal of the African National Congress (ANC) has been to… • eliminate communist influence  • rule as the majority political party  • create a united Africa  • promote homeland areas for Blacks 

6. A belief of animism is that… • after death the soul is reborn in another human form  • holy wars must be fought to gain entry into heaven • meditation leads followers to nirvana  • spirits of nature inhabit all living and nonliving objects 

7. Which characteristic did the early civilizations that developed along the Nile, the Tigris-Euphrates and the Huang He (Yellow River) have in common? • each society’s religious beliefs were based on monotheism  • urban communities were built using iron and steel tools  • the form of government in each community was based on male suffrage  • transportation and communication were promoted by a mild climate, fertile soil, and natural waterways 

8. Which is an accurate statement about the partitioning of Africa by European imperialist nations during the 1800’s? A. new nations were based on old tribal boundaries  • the cultural and ethnic diversity of the African people was disregarded  • the continent was divided equally among the colonial powers  • African unity was encouraged

9. A primary purpose for building the Suez Canal was to… • encourage Jewish settlement in nearby Palestine  • increase trade between the Middle East, Europe and Asia  • reduce the time needed for travel between the Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea  • allow Indian merchants to reach the east coast of Africa 

10. Traditional animistic beliefs in Africa, Asia, and Latin America are based on… • a desire for wealth  • a written tradition  • an appreciation for the forces of nature  • a willingness to accept Christianity

11. In Africa, an effect of topography and climate has been to… • encourage rapid industrialization of the interior  • prevent the development of kingdoms  • promote large-scale trade between African and Asia  • promote the growth of diverse societies 

12. Both the French and the British were interested in controlling Egypt in the mid-19th century because Egypt had…. • control of the spice trade  • an industrial-based economy  • vital mineral resources  • a strategic location 

13. In the 1980’s, global concern for Blacks in the Republic of South Africa led many nations to… A. impose economic sanctions on South Africa  B. demand that Whites return to their European homelands  C. sent troops to South Africa  D. support policies of Apartheid 

14. The Suez Canal, the Strait of Hormuz, and the Strait of Gibraltar are important because they… • prevent attacks on bordering nations  • control access to vital trade routes  • limit Russian access to warm-water points  • prohibit the movement of ships carrying nuclear weapons

15. The ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt were similar in that both cultures… • developed along rivers  • used the ziggurat form for their temples  • established trade routes to China  • used a hieroglyphic writing system 

16. Which statement best characterizes the period of apartheid in South Africa? • the majority of the population had the right to vote  • the Boers attempted to conquer Nigeria  • many racist ideas of the ruling minority were adopted into laws  • French was declared the official language of the nation 

17. Since the end of apartheid in South Africa, what has been one of the major challenges to the current government? • establishing diplomatic relations with Europe  • resolving regional and ethnic rivalries  • guaranteeing religious freedom for all groups  • improving transportation throughout the country 

18. The borders that were established for many African nations during the late 1800’s were based primarily on… • natural geographic barriers  • easy access to natural resources  • territorial claims of colonial rulers  • cultural differences between ethnic groups 

19. Mansa Musa’s journey to Mecca in the 1300s is evidence that… • The Crusades had a great influence on western Africa • Most African leaders wer educated in the Middle East • European culture was superior to the cultures of western Africa • Islam had a major influence on the Mali Empire

20. The spread of Islam into the kingdoms of Ghana and Mali resulted from… • Imperialism • Ethnocentrism • Cultural diffusion • Self-determination

21. One reason the cultures of North Africa developed differently from the cultures of the rest of Africa was that these areas of Africa were separated by the… • Congo River Basin • Great Rift Valley • Sahara Desert • Arabian Sea

22. Which economic activity was the basis for most of the wealth and power of the West African empires of Ghana and Mali? • Hunting and gathering • Farming and cattle ranching • Trading in salt and gold • Working in bronze and brass

23. Between 1880 and 1914, which nations were most involved in colonizing Africa? • Industrialized western European nations • Eastern European nations controlled by Russia • East Asian nations seeking to establish new markets • Oil-rich Middle Eastern nations

24. Which characteristics are most common when defining the term developing nation? • High level of productivity and high standard of living • Dependence on agricultural production and low standard of living • High level of productivity and low population growth rate • Decline of industrial production and high population growth rate

25. Jomo Kenyatta and Kwame Nkrumah were African leaders opposed to… • Militarism • Socialism • Nationalism • Colonialism

26. In the Republic of South Africa, the government’s apartheid policy has been based primarily on the concept of… • Justice under the law • Nativism • Racial segregation • Economic specialization

27. A major factor in the development of 20th century nationalist movements throughout Africa was a common? • Language throughout most of Africa • Goal to end European rule in Africa • Ethnic bond among the people of sub-Saharan Africa • Religion throughout most of Africa