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CNC Machining

CNC Machining. An Introduction to Process Planning and G-Code. Process Planning. Determines appropriate procedures for transforming raw materials into a final product given an engineering design Engineering designs convey information such as dimensions, tolerances and material

bruce-murphy
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CNC Machining

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  1. CNC Machining An Introduction to Process Planning and G-Code

  2. Process Planning • Determines appropriate procedures for transforming raw materials into a final product given an engineering design • Engineering designs convey information such as dimensions, tolerances and material • CNC machining is used to transform engineering design to product

  3. Machine Instruction • When the designed product is produced using CNC machine tools, the machine tool controller needs explicit instructions describing the type and order of individual steps required to perform a given task. We use an instruction language called G-Code to deliver these instructions to the machine.

  4. Advantages • Does what manual machines can’t do • Repeatability • Reduce time and warehousing costs • Reduced lead time and tooling costs • Lower operator skill requirements

  5. Disadvantages • Requires large investment • Machines do not program themselves • Must invest in software and computers • High maintenance costs • Not cost effective at low production levels

  6. G-Code • An alphanumeric code delivering instructions to CNC machine • Revolution Mill uses a standard Cartesian coordinate system for tool paths • Code is evaluated one line segment at a time called a block

  7. Common G-Code • G00 Rapid linear motion • G01 Linear motion at preset feedrate • G02 Circular feed motion – CW • G03 Circular feed motion – CCW • G04 Dwell can be timed or untimed • G40 Deactivates cutter compensation • G80 Deactivates canned cycles

  8. Common M-Code • M00 Program stop • M03 Spindle on (CW) • M04 Spindle on (CCW) • M05 Spindle off • M07/9 Turn coolant (mist) on/off • M06 Change tool • M30 End program

  9. Other Codes • S Spindle speed • F Feed rate • T Tool number • X,Y,Z coordinate axis motion • R arc / corner radius • I X-axis center offset • J Y-axis center offset

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