Effective Herbicide Treatments for Controlling Invasive Vines

1. Herbicide Control Treatments For Invasive Vines James H. Miller USDA Forest Service Auburn University, Alabama

2. INVASIVE VINES Japanese HoneysuckleLonicera japonica KudzuPueraria montana Chinese and Japanese WisteriasWisteria sinensis and W. floribunda Oriental BittersweetCelastrus orbiculatus Non-native Climbing YamsDioscorea bulbifera / Air Yam,Chinese Yam, Water YamD. oppositifolia ,D.alata Wintercreeper, Climbing EuonymusEuonymus fortunei English Ivy Hedera helix Vincas, PeriwinklesVinca spp.

3. Vines are difficult to ControlRoots, Rhizomes, and Stolons

4. Effective Herbicide Treatments • To be successful with herbicides require • the most effective herbicide, • applied using the correct method, and • applied during the best time period. • Prescribed Burning and grazing can assist by • preparing the site and severing vines for treating • regrowth. • Usually only lower portion of vines must be treated

5. Invasive Vine Control using Herbicides Foliar sprays– must translocate to roots and rhizomes or be soil active Tordon and Transline for legumes or Garlon 4 Roundup +/- Arsenal +/- Escort for others Water Mixes and Add Non-ionic Surfactant !

6. Directed Foliar Sprays

7. Spray Gun

8. Broadcast Foliar Sprays

9. Basal Spray Applications Basal Sprays Garlon 4 as a 20 to 40% solution in commercially available basal oil, diesel fuel, or kerosene (2 to 4 qts. per 3 gal. mix) with a penetrant (check with herbicide distributor) to the lower 16 inches of stems. Basal Wipes

10. Cut-Treat Water Mixtures with surfactant Or undiluted

11. Oriental, Asian BittersweetCelastrus orbiculatus • Recommended control procedures: • Foliar Sprays July to Oct Garlon 4, Garlon 3A, or Glyphosate as a 2-4% solution (8-16 ozs. per 3-gal. mix). Basal SpraysGarlon 4 as 20% in oil mix. Cut TreatGarlon 4 or Glyphosate as a 25% solution (32 ozs. per 1-gal. mix). Cut vines to prevent further seeding.

12. Air Yam, Chinese Yam,Dioscorea bulbifera, Water YamD. oppositifolia, D. alata Recommended control procedures: Foliar sprays Garlon 3A or Garlon 4 as a 2% solution July to October. Sometimes the air yams take up the herbicide: otherwise, bulbils must be collected and destroyed to prevent sprouting (do not attempt to compost). Cut-treat climbing plants just above the soil surface and immediately treat the freshly cut stem with undiluted Garlon 3A.

13. Winter Creeper , Climbing Euonymus Euonymus fortunei Recommended control procedures: Foliar Spray Tordon 101 as a 3% solution or Tordon K as a 2% solution in June to October. Foliar Spray repeatedly apply Garlon 4 or a Glyphosate herbicide as a 2% solution in June to December, a less effective treatment that has no soil activity to damage surrounding plants. Cut all vertical climbing stems to prevent fruiting and spread by birds.

14. English ivy Hedera helix Recommended control procedures: Foliar Spray Garlon 3A or Garlon 4 as a 3 to 5% solution or a Glyphosateherbicide as a 2 to 4% solution in July to December. Use a string trimmer to reduce growth layers and injure leaves for improved herbicide uptake. Cut-treat large vines with these herbicides. Basal spray or wipeGarlon 4 as a 20 to 40% solution in oil mixture, being careful to avoid the bark of the host tree.

15. Japanese HoneysuckleLonicera japonica Recommended control procedures: Foliar Spray Escort at 2 oz per acre in June to October. or by spot spraying 2 to 4 oz per acre in water Foliar Spray Glyphosate herbicide as a 2% solution or Garlon 3A or Garlon 4 as a 3- 5% solution in June to December. Cut-treat freshly cut stem with a Glyphosate herbicide or Garlon 3A as a 20% solution July to October. Prescribed burning in spring will reduce dense ground mats and sever climbing vines for more effective herbicide treatments to resprouting vines.

16. Kudzu

20. KudzuPueraria montana Recommended control procedures: Foliar Sprays Tordon 101 as a 3% solution Tordon K as a 2% solution, July to Sep in years 1, 3, and 4. Escort at 3 to 4 oz per acre Transline as a 0.2% solution; twice yearly. Garlon 4 or a Glyphosate herbicide as a 2% solution during the growing season twice yearly. Cut-treat large vines and immediately apply these herbicides to the cut surfaces. Basal SprayGarlon 4 as a 20% solution in oil mix Jan to Apr, which controls vines < 2 inches in diameter.

21. Vincas, PeriwinklesVinca minor, V. major Recommended control procedures: Foliar Sprays Tordon 101 as a 3% solution Tordon K as a 2% solution Garlon 4 as a 4% solution in growing season Garlon 4 or a Glyphosateherbicide as a 2% solution in water in winter, herbicide treatments should be limited to warm days (warmer than 55o F).

22. Chinese Wisteria

23. 0.5 gal Tordon K 1.5 gal Garlon 4 Arsenal 0.25 gal Accord 2.0 gal 21 fl. oz. Transline 4 oz Escort Chinese Wisteria Herbicide Screening 12 MAT Percent Control Rate per Acre 0 20 40 60 80 100 Herbicide Jul Sep Jul Sep Jul Sep Jul Sep Jul Sep Jul Sep

24. Chinese and Wisteria sinensis and Japanese Wisterias W. floribunda Recommended control procedures: Foliar Spray Tordon 101 as a 3% solution Tordon K as a 2% solution Garlon 4 as a 4% solution Jul. to Sep. for successive years when regrowth appears: Transline as a 0.2% solution When safety to surrounding vegetation is desired September to October with repeated applications. Glyphosate herbicide as a 2% solution

25. Control a little now or Control a bunch later