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Interesting Facts About Mars

Learn about Mars, the fourth planet from the sun, with its eccentric orbit, unique landforms, extensive volcanoes, weaker gravity, temperature ranges, and planetary atmosphere. Discover fascinating details about Martian moons, Phobos and Deimos.

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Interesting Facts About Mars

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  1. Mars

  2. Martian Facts • Mars has an eccentric orbit. • Like Mercury • 1.38 to 1.67 AU • Mars revolves around the sun every 687 Earth days. • Just less than two earth years. • Mars rotates every 24.6 hours. • Mars is tilted 25º, and has seasons like Earth. Wikipedia: Lookang

  3. Land Forms • Mars has plate tectonics. • Some features are much larger than any on Earth. • Valles Marineris is a canyon as large as the US.

  4. Volcanos • Mars has extensive volcanos. • Olympus Mons is the largest volcano in the solar system, three times larger than Mauna Loa on Hawaii. • Hot plumes in Mars’ mantle created the large flat cone.

  5. Surface Gravity • Mars is smaller than Earth • diameter is half of Earth • mass is one tenth of Earth • Gravity is weaker on Mars. • Newton: GmM/r2 • (0.1)/(0.5)2 = 40% of Earth • There is enough gravity to hold an atmosphere.

  6. Temperature • The temperature on Mars ranges from 160 K to 290 K, or -170 ºF to 60 ºF. • The cold temperatures can freeze water and carbon dioxide in the air. • The high temperatures can support liquid water.

  7. Planetary Atmospheres • Atmospheres depend on surface gravity and temperature. • No magnetic field to trap ions on Mars • On Mercury and the Moon all gases escape. • On Earth and Venus only the lightest gases escape. • On Mars only heavy gases remain in small quantities. • 0.6% of Earth pressure • 98% carbon dioxide

  8. Phobos 26 km long 9,400 km from Mars Orbits every 7.7 hours Deimos 16 km long 23,500 km from Mars Orbits every 30 hours Moons of Mars

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