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Frequency, Percentage, and Proportion

Frequency, Percentage, and Proportion. Statistical Symbols. X or x = Individual Subject/value/score N or n = Total number of subjects/values/scores. Frequency Distributions. an organization of raw data into tabular forms using categories/intervals and frequencies frequency/frequency count

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Frequency, Percentage, and Proportion

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  1. Frequency, Percentage, and Proportion

  2. Statistical Symbols • X or x = Individual Subject/value/score • N or n = Total number of subjects/values/scores

  3. Frequency Distributions • an organization of raw data into tabular forms using categories/intervals and frequencies • frequency/frequency count • the # of times a specific value occurs in the data set • often represented by the symbol f • 3 main types • categorical, ungrouped, & grouped

  4. Frequency Distributions • Categorical • AKA Qualitative Frequency Distribution • represents data that can be placed in specific categories • Gender, Hair Color, Religious Affiliation • Ex:

  5. Frequency Distributions • Ex: Categorical Frequency Table

  6. Frequency Distributions • Ungrouped • a simple listing of the data values w/ the f w/ which each value occurs. • Ex:

  7. Frequency Distributions • Ex: Ungrouped Frequency Table

  8. Frequency Distributions • Often times, the researcher will also display the relative frequency and the corresponding percentages • relative frequency for any value (class) • obtained by dividing the f for that class by the total number of observations

  9. Frequency Distributions • Ex: Ungrouped Frequency Table w/ Relative Frequency and Percentage

  10. Frequency Distributions • Sometimes, the researcher will also display the cumulative frequencies and the cumulative relative frequencies • cumulative frequencies • for any specific value, the sum of the f for all values at or below the given value • cumulative relative frequencies • for any specific value, the sum of the relative frequencies for all values at or below the given value

  11. Frequency Distributions • Ex: Ungrouped Frequency Table w/ Cumulative Frequency and Cumulative Relative Frequency

  12. Frequency Distributions • Grouped • obtained by constructing intervals of the values for the data and then listing the corresponding f in each interval. • Ex:

  13. Frequency Distributions • Ex: Ungrouped Frequency Table w/ Cumulative Frequency and Cumulative Relative Frequency

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