1 / 44

; ksx rFkk vk;qosZn o

; ksx rFkk vk;qosZn o. BY: DR. MANU SHARMA DEPTT. OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY PHAGWARA (JALANDHAR). ; ksx dk vFkZ , oa çdkj.

bryant
Download Presentation

; ksx rFkk vk;qosZn o

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. ;ksxrFkkvk;qosZno BY: DR. MANU SHARMA DEPTT. OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY PHAGWARA (JALANDHAR).

  2. ;ksxdkvFkZ ,oaçdkj ;ksxdkvFkZgSvkRekdksijekReklstksM+uk] vk;q ,oaçk.k'kfDrdks c<+kuk] viusvgadkR;kxdjmllsÅijmBuk] viuhekufld] vkfFkZd ,oa 'kkjhfjd 'kfDr;ksadkfodkldjukA ;ksx }kjkviuseu] 'kjhj ,oabfUnz;ksadksviuso'kesafd;ktkldrkgSA ;g ;ksxghgSftldsek/;e lsijekRek ,oaeks{k dh çkfIrHkhlaHkogSA ;ksx ,d fof'k"VçdkjdkfoKkugStksinkFkZ] thorFkkpsrukdks ,d lkFkysdjpyrkgSrFkkfoKkuvkSj v/;kRe dh [kkbZijcka/k dkdkedjrkgSA ;ksx ,d oSKkfudç.kkyhgSftldsfofHkUuekxZgS 1½ ;FkkdeZ ;ksx 2½ Kku ;ksx 3½ jkt ;ksx 4½ HkfDr ;ksx] 5½ gB;ksx 6½ eU=;ksx 7½ y; ;ksx 8½ rU= ;ksx

  3. *v"Vkax ;ksx* • ;ksxdsfy, yksxksadseuesadbZHkzkfUr;kagSAdqNyksxHkzeo'kvFkokvYiKkudsdkj.kçk.k;evFkokvkludksgh ;ksxdki;kZ;okphekursgSaij ;s lEiw.kZ ;ksxughagSAvktfo'odsf'kf{kr] fodflr ;k fodkl'khyns'kksaesaftl *;ksx* dh yksdfç;rkrst+hls c<+ jghgSmldkvkfnewyHkkjrcãf"kZiratfyeqfu }kjk ç.khr 'kkL= *;ksxn'kZu* gSAegkeqfuiratfu us tulk/kkj.kdks ;ksxlsifjfprdjkusdsfy, *;ksxn'kZu* uked 'kkL= dsnwljsikn ¼v/;k;½ dkçkjEHk *fØ;k;ksx* dso.kZulsghfd;kgSftlesamUgksaus ;ksxdsvkBvaxksadkfoLr`rfooj.kçLrqrfd;kgSA ;ksxdsblvkBvaxksadks *v"Vkax ;ksx* dgrsgSaA

  4. *;e fu;ekluçk.kk;keçR;kgkj/kkj.kk /;kulek/k;ks"VkM-kfu

  5. 1½ ;e %& *vfgalklR;kLrs; czãp;kZifjxzgk ;ek% ¼;ksx n'kZu & 2@30½ • vFkkZrvfgalk] lR;] pksjh u djuk] czãpk;ZrFkkvifjxzg¼O;FkZ laxg u djuk½ & ;s ikap ;e gSAbudkikyudjrsgq, vuqdwyvkpj.kdjuk ;ksx dh igyhlh<+h gSAviusO;ogkfjd thou dkslkfRod ,oafnO; cukusdsfy, ;e dkç;ksxfd;ktkrkgSA • fu;e%&*'kkSplUrks"kr;% Lok/;k;bZ'ojçf.k/kkukfufu;ek% ¼;ksxn'kZu 2@33½ • vFkkZr'kkSp ¼'kqf)½] lUrks"k] ri ¼lq[k&nq%[k leku :ilslgysuk½Lok/;k; ¼vkRefujh{k.k ,oaxzUFkksadk v/;;u euu djuk½ rFkkbZ'oj&çf.k/kku ¼bZ'oj dksviZ.kdjdslcdke djuk½ ;s ikapfu;egSaAbudklaca/k 'kjhj] bfUnz;ksarFkkvUr%dj.klsgSA

  6. vklu %& ;g ;ksx dh rhljhlh<+h gSftldsek/;e ls 'kjhjrFkkbldsvo;oksadks fHkUu&2 çdkjlsfLFkjfd;ktkrkgSAgB;ksx 'kkL= esa 84 vkluksadkmYys[k feyrkgSAbuesalsçR;sddkvH;kl ;fn mudsvuqdwyfd, tkusokysfo'ks"kçk.kk;keksadslkFkfd;ktk, rksukM+hpØksarFkk 'kjhjdsHkhrjdsfHkUu&fHkUuvaxksa dh lks;hgqbZ 'kfDr;katkx`rgksrhgSA • çk.kk;ke %& ;ksxlk/kuk dh pkSFkhlh<+h gS *çk.kk;ke*A bls 'oklksadkO;k;keHkhdgktkldrkgSAvf[kyczãk.MesaijekRek }kjkçkf.k;ksaesaçk.klapkjO;oLFkkdjusokyhtksijepsrulŸkkO;kIrgS] mlsviusladYilsczãk.M dh ijepsrukesalsviusçk.kksadksleqfprlapj.kdsfy, ;Fks"Vek=k esa ml psruçk.kÅtkZdks [khapus dh çfØ;kdkukeçk.kk;kegSA

  7. çk.kk;ke • bldsvkBHksngSa ;Fkk & • 1½ lw;ZHksnuçk.kk;ke • 2½ mTt;hçk.kk;ke • 3½ 'khryhçk.kk;ke • 4½ lhrdkjhçk.kk;ke • 5½ Hkzkejh • 6½ HkfL=dkçk.kk;ke • 7½ ewNkZçk.kk;ke • 8½ dsoyhçk.kk;ke

  8. lw;ZHksnuçk.kk;ke 'khryhçk.kk;ke

  9. lhrdkjhçk.kk;ke Hkzkejhçk.kk;ke

  10. HkfL=dkçk.kk;ke ewNkZçk.kk;ke

  11. çR;kgkj %& ;g ;ksxlk/kuk dh ikapohlh<+h gSAtclk/kdckgjhfo"k;ksalseudksgVkdjfdlhvkarfjdfcanqijfLFkjdjusesalQygkstkrkgSrFkkeuviuhbPNkds v/khudjblsviuso'kesadjdstgkapkgsogkaystkus dh {kerkls ;qDrgkstkrkgSrks ;g le>ukpkfg, fdmldkçR;kgkjlkFkx;kAiartfy _f"kdkdFkugS *Lofo"k;klEç;ksxsfpRrLo:ikuqdkjbosfUnz;k.kkaçR;kgkj %AA vFkkZreu dh 'kfDr;ksadks ,dkxzdjdsmUgsackgjhfo"k;ksa dh vksjtkuslsjksdus dh çfØ;kdks *çR;kgkj* dgktkrkgSA • /kkj.kk %& ;ksxlk/kuk dh NBhlh<+h gS */kkj.kk*A gekjs 'kkL=ksaesafopkj 'kfDrdksvUr%dj.k dh vksj ,dkxzdjus dh fØ;kdks */kkj.kk* dgkx;kgSAeuds 12 iy ,d LFkkuijBgjus dh fLFkfrdksdgrsgSa /kkj.kkçkIrdjukA ;ghalslk/kdokLrfod ;ksxekxZesaçfo"BdjrkgSA

  12. /;ku %& /kkj.kkdsvkxs ;ksxlk/kuk dh lkrohalh<+h gS **/;ku**A /;kuds }kjkgheuq"; lekf/k voLFkkesaços'kikrkgStgkaijlk/kdesalw{e cks/k djkusokyhNBhbfUnz; dkfodklgksrkgSAfnO; p{kq [kqytkrsgSarFkkvkRekdkijekReklslk{kkRdkjgkstkrkgSA /;kudsHkhvkxspkjHksngSa %& • 1½ inLFk /;ku • 2½ fiaMLFk /;ku • 3½ :iLFk /;ku • 4½ :ikarfjr /;ku • lekf/k %& ;g ;ksx dh oksfØ;kgSftlesaeuq"; xq.kjfgrgkstkrkgSrFkkmlsLo:idkcks/k ughajgrkAbZ'ojdkfujUrj /;ku djrs&2 fpr~ tcviusvkdkjdkKkuHkqykdjoLrq 'kwU; gqvk] ,d fuf'pr le; rd bZ'ojesayhugkstkrkgSrFkkbZ'ojdslekugh fn[kkbZnsusyxrkgSrksblvoLFkkdkslekf/k vFkokrqjh;koLFkkdgktkrkgSA

  13. gLreqnzk;sa Kkueqnzk çk.keqnzk

  14. vikueqnzk ok;qeqnzk

  15. o:.k eqnzk lw;Zeqnzk

  16. e`xheqnzk vaxq"Beqnzk

  17. iadteqnzk vkdk'keqnzk

  18. vk;qosZn • mn~s”; vk;qosZndsnksmn~s”; gSa % • ¼1½ LoLFkO;fDr;ksadsLokLF; dh j{kkdjukA ¼LokLF; lja{k.k½ • ¼2½ jksxhO;fDr;ksadsfodkjksadksnwjdjmUgsaLoLFkcukukA ¼jksxgj.k½ • vk;qosZn ¼vk;q%$osn½ bunks “kCnksalsfeydjcusvk;qosZn “kCndkvFkZgS **thou foKku**A vk;qosZngekjsosnksa dh gh ,d “kk[kkgS] mldkfodklfofHkUuoSfndeU=ksalsgqvkgS] ftuesalalkjrFkk thou] jksxksarFkkvkS’kf/k;ksadsewyrRon”kZudko.kZufd;kx;kgS] vk;qosZndsKkudkspjdlfgarkrFkklqJqrlfgarkesaO;kid :ilsçysf[krfd;kx;kFkkA

  19. vk;qosZndkrRoKkuiapegkHkwrksads fl)karijvk/kkfjrgS] buiaprRoksadkla;kstu f=nks’kds :iesaof.kZrgS] tSlsokr ¼vkdk”k $ ok;q½] fiRr ¼vfXu $ rst½ rFkkdQ ¼ty $ i`Foh½] ;s rhuksanks’kçkf.k;ksaesaik, tkrsgSaA • vkarfjdrFkkckàk ?kVdksaesafdlhHkhçdkjdkvlarqyujksxdkdkj.kgSrFkkfofHkUurduhdksa] çfØ;kvksa] iF;kiF;] vkgkj] rFkk] vkS’kf/k;ksadsek/;e lslarqyudksiqu% LFkkfirdjukghfpfdRlkgSAvktlkjkfo”ovk;qosZnfpfdRlkç.kkyh dh vkSjvkdf’kZrgksjgkgS] ftldsrgrHkkjr dh vusdtM+hcwfV;ksadkmi;ksxmUgksausviuhfpfdRlkesa “kq: djfn;kgSAvk;qosZnh; mipkj dh ,d ;g Hkhfo”ks’krkgSfdblesajksxtM+ lsu’VgksrkgSvkSjiqu% mRifRrughagksrhAvk;qosZnesajksxksadkijh{k.k ,oaigpkueq[;r% ç”uksavkSjvkBijh{k.ktSls %& ukM+h] ey] ew=] us=] “kCn ¼vkokt½] thâk] Li”kZ] vkd`fr }kjk dh tkrhgSA

  20. vk;qosZn dh fo”ks’krk,¡ • vk;qosZndklafgrkdky ¼1000 b0 iwoZ0½ dsnkSjkuvkBfo”ks’k “kk[kkvksaesafodklgqvk] blhdkj.klsblsv’Vkaxvk;qosZnHkhdgktkrkgSA • v’Vkaxçdkj ;s gSa %& • ¼1½ dk;fpfdRlk(INTERNAL MEDICINE) • ¼2½ dkSekjHkzR; (PEDIATRICS) • ¼3½ xzgfpfdRlk(PSYCHIATRY) • ¼4½ “kkykD; (EYE & E.N.T.) • ¼5½ “kY; ra= (SURGERY) • ¼6½ fo’kra= (TOXICOLOGY) • ¼7½ jlk;u(GERIATRICS) • ¼8½ okthdj.k(SCIENCE OF VITALITY)

  21. vk;qosZndkç;kstu ç;kstupkL; LoLFkL; LokLFkj{k.kekrqjLFk fodkjç'keuapAA ¼pjd lafgrklw=½ • vFkkZrvk;qosZn 'kkL= dkç;kstuLoLFkO;fDrdsLokLF; dh j{kkdjukrFkkjksxhO;fDrdsjksxdksnwjdjiqu% LoLFkdjukgSAvk;qosZn 'kkL= njvly *vk;qdkfoKku* gS

  22. fgrkfgralq[ka nq%[kek;qLrL; fgrkfgreA ekua p rP; ;=ksDrek;qosZn % l mP;rs ¼egf"kZpjd½ vFkkZrvk;q] vfgrvk;q] lq[k vk;qrFkknq%[k vk;q] blpkjçdkj dh vk;qdsfy, fgr ¼iF;½] vfgr ¼viF;½] vk;qdkeku ¼çek.k rFkk vçek.k½ vkSjvk;qdkLo:icrk;kx;kgksmlsvk;qosZn 'kkL= dgktkrkgSAblhfy, vk;qosZn us *LokLF; dh j{kkdjukrFkkjksxdkmUewyudjiqu% LoLFkdjuk* tSlsmŸke y{; dksviukeq[; ç;kstu fu/kkZfjrfd;kA ,slsmik; fd, fcukek= vkS"kf/k lsoudjkrsjguslsjksxhjksxlsiw.kZr% eqDrgkstkrkgSAjksxdkslewyu"Vdjusdsfy, *la{ksir% *fØ;k;ksxksfunkuifjotZue~* dsvuqlkj mu dkj.kksadksR;kxukghgksxkftulsjksxmRiUugqvkgksAvk;qosZnesaiF;&viF; dkfo/kkugSftldkmn~s'; jksxds cy dks c<+us lsjksdukgSAijUrq ;fn jksxhfpfdRlkdsnkSjku ,slkvkgkj&fogkjdjrkjgstksjksxds cy dks c<+kusokykgksrksfQjvkS"kf/k lsoudkdksbZvFkZughaA

  23. vk;qosZn us blhfy, dgkgS & *la{ksirfØ;k;ksxksfunkuifjotZue~* vFkkZrjksxdksmRiUudjusdktksdkj.kgSmlsR;kxnsukgh la{ksiesafpfdRlkgSAiF; lsoulsjksxhdk cy c<+rkgSrFkkjksxdk cy ?kVrkgSblhfy, iF; dslsourFkkviF; dsR;kxijvk;qosZn us vkS"kf/k lsoulsHkhT;knktksjfn;kgSA

  24. vknkudky folxZdky blesao’kkZ] “kjnvkSjgseUr _rq,agksrhgSA Øe”k% Jko.k] Hkknksa] Dokj] dkfrZd] vxgu] ikS’keklgksrsgSA lw;Znf{k.kk;ugksrkgSA lkSE; gksrkgSA ok;qvfr :[khughagksrhgSA pUnzekdk cy iw.kZjgrkgSA lw;Zdkcy {kh.kjgrkgSA pUnzekrIrdjrkgSA e/kqj] vEy] yo.kjl dh o`f) gksrhgSA euq"; dk ;FkkØecyiqf’V dh çkfIrgksrhgSA • blesaf”kf”kj] clUrvkSjxzh’e _rq,agksrhgSA • Øe”k% ek?k] QkYxqu] pS=] oS”kk[k] T;s’B] vk’kk<+ eklgksrsgSA • lw;ZmRrjk;.kgksrkgSA • vkXus; ¼xje½ gksrkgSA • ok;qvfr :[khgksrhgSA • pUnzekdk cy {kh.kjgrkgSA • lw;Zdk cy iw.kZjgrkgSA • lw;Z o ok;q ”kks’k.kdjrsgSA • frDr] d’kk;] dVqjl dh o`f) gksrhgSA • euq’; dks ;FkkØenkScZY; dh çkfIrgksrhgSA

  25. f=nks’k lqJqrlfgrkesaLoLFk dh ifjHkk’kkblçdkjnhxbZgS f=nks"klenks"k% lekfXu'p le/kkrqeyfØ;%A çlUukRedsfUnz;euk% LoLFkbR;fHk/kh;rsAA • vFkkZrftlds 'kjhjdsrhuksanks"k ¼okr] fir] dQ½ lekuvoLFkkesagks] ftldhvfXu ¼tBjkfXu½ lekugks] lc /kkrq,alekuvoLFkkesagks] ftldheyfoltZufØ;kBhdlsgksrhgS] tksçlUueurFkkbfUnz;ksaokykgksmlsghLoLFk 'kjhjokykdgktk,xkA • okr] fir] dQlkekU; voLFkkesajgsarks 'kjhjdks /kkj.kdjusokysgksusls */kkrq* dgykrsgSarFkkdqfirvoLFkkesa 'kjhjdksnwf"krdjusokysgkstkusls *nks"k* dgstkrsgSaA 'kjhjdks /kkj.kdjusesaburhuksadslkFkghjDr dh egRrkgStksvk;qosZndsbl 'yksdlsO;DrgksrhgSA ursZnsg% dQknfLr u fiRrkUu p ek:rku~A 'kksf.krknfi ok fuR;ansg ,rSLrq /kk;ZrsA ¼lqJqr lafgrklw=½

  26. jksxksa dh çd`frrFkkHksn • vk;qosZnesa vyx&2 fLFkfr;ksadsvuqlkjjksxksads vyx&2 Hksncrk, gSaA *lqJqrlafgrk* rFkk *Hkkoçdk'k* esajksxdspkjçdkjcrk,a x, gSa ;Fkk & 1½ vkxUrqd 2½ 'kkjhfjd 3½ ekufld 4½ LokHkkfodA *v"Vkaxân;* esajksxdsnksghçdkjfutrFkkvkxUrqdcrk, x, gSaA *pjdlafgrk* esavU; pkjçdkjdsjksxksadko.kZugS ;Fkk %& 1½ vkxUrqt 2½ okrt 3½ fiŸkt 4½ dQtA *pjdlafgrk* esadgkx;kgSfdjksxksadkjksxRo ,d çdkjdkghgksrkgSD;ksafdlHkhesalkekU; :ilsihM+kgksrhgSA

  27. jksx dh çd`fr ¼dkj.k½ nksçdkj dh gksrhgS & 1½ vkxUrqd 2½ fut ¼okr]fir]dQ½ jksxksadsvf/k"Bku ¼LFkku½ nksgksrsgS %& 1½ eu 2½ 'kjhjfQjjksxh dh çd`fr ¼dkj.k½ 2½ vf/k"Bku 3½ fyax ¼y{k.k½ 4½ vk;ru ¼n`"V vkpkjvkgkj vkfn½A bldkfodYivifjla[;s; gksrkgSblfy, jksxvla[;s; gksrsgSAvkxUrqdjksxgksusdbZdkj.kgksrsgStSlsdVuk] fxjuk] pqHkuk] tyukbR;kfnrFkkfutdkj.kksaesavuqfprvkgkjfogkjrFkkvkpkj&fopkjdsdkj.kokr] fiŸk o dQdkfo"kegkstkukgksrkgSA

  28. okrdkLFkku%&iDok'k;] ew=k'k;] eyk'k;] dej] nksuksaiSj] vfLFk;ksadkslfU/k LFkyvkfnokrdsvf/k"BkugSAbuesaiDok'k; okrdkfo'ks"kLFkkugSA fiŸkdkLFkku%& Losn] jl] yfldk] jDrvkSjvek'k; ;s fiŸkdsLFkkugSaAbuesalsvek'k; fir dkfo'ks"kLFkkugSA dQdkLFkku%& o{kLFky] flj] xyk] vek'k; vkSjesnk ;s dQdsLFkkugSAbuesa o{kLFkydQdkfo'ks"kLFkkugSA okrdqfirdjusokykvkgkjfogkjdjusls 80 çdkjdsokrtjksxgksldrsgSAfiŸkdqfirgksusij 40 çdkjdsrFkkdQdqfirgksusij 20 çdkjdsdQtjksxmRiUugksldrsgSA ;s lHkhfutjksxdgykrsgSA ;fn lkekU; rFkkmfprvkgkj&fogkjdkikyudjusesalrdZrkrFkkla;edkikyufd;ktk, rksokr] fiŸk o dQdkslkekU; /kkrq :iesa j[kktkldrkgSrFkkukukçdkjdsjksxksalsxzLrgksuscpktkldrkgSA

  29. "kV~jl • mifŸk %& vk;qosZnesa f=nks"kdsvykokjlksadkHkhftØfd;kx;kgSAjL;rsvkLok|rsbfrjl% dsvuqlkjthHk }kjkftldkLoknfy;ktk, mlsjldgrsgSA • blds N% çdkjgS %& • 1½ e/kqj • 2½ vEy • 3½ yo.k • 4½ dVq • 5½ frDr • 6½ d"kk;  • jlksa dh mRifŸkewyr% iaprRoksalsgksrhgSD;ksafd ;g czãk.MiapegkrRoksalscukgSvkSj *;n~ fi.Msrn~ czãk.Ms* dsvuqlkjgekjk 'kjhjHkhczãk.M dh HkkafriaprRoksalsghcukgSAtyrFkki`FohrRols e/kqjjl dh mRifŸkgqbZ] i`FohrFkkvfXurRolsvEyjl dh mRifŸkgqbZ] tyrFkkvfXurRolsyo.kjl] ok;qrFkkvfXurRolsdVqjl] ok;qvkSjvkdk'krRolsfrDrjlrFkkok;qvkSji`FohrRolsd"kk; jl dh mRifŸkgqbZgSA

  30. bujlksaesa e/kqj] vEyrFkkyo.kjlokrdk 'keudjrsgaS] e/kqj] frDrrFkkd"kk; jlfiŸkdk 'keudjrsgSa] dVq] frDrrFkkd"kk; jldQdk 'keudjrsgSA ;fn dVq] frDrrFkkd"kk; jldslsouesavfr dh tk, rksokrdqfirgksrkgSAvEyvkSjyo.kjldsvfrlsoulsdQdqfirgksrkgSAfLuX/k jlfiŸkdks 'kkardjrkgSrFkkvfrlsoudjusijdQdksdqfirdjrkgSAfluX/krkrSy dh gksrksfiŸkdksdqfirdjrhgSA e/kqjjl 'kjhj dh lkrksa /kkrqvksadkiks"k.kdjrkgSAlkr /kkrqvksadsukejl] jDr] ekal] esn] vfLFk] eTtkrFkk 'kqØgSaA

  31. e/kqjjl %& e/kqjjlikapksaKkusfUnz;ksa ¼vka[k] ukd] dku] thHkrFkk Ropk½ vkSjeudksçlUudjusokykrFkkvk;qdsfy, lq[kdkjhgksrkgSAbljldsvfrlsoulseksVkik] vkyL;] Hkkjhiu] vf/kduhan] tBjkfXueaniM+uktSlhO;kf/k;kamRiUugksldrhgSablfy, vk;qosZnbljldsvfrlsou dh otZukdjrkgSA vEyjl %& ;g jltBjkfXudksrst+ djrkgS] Hkkstuesa :fp c<+krkgS] 'kjhjdkseksVkdjrkgS] bfUnz;ksadkscyoku~ rFkkeudkslps"VdjrkgSA /kkrqvkadksr`IrdjikpufØ;kesalgk;dgksrkgSAckrdk 'keu ,oafiŸkrFkkdQdksdqfirdjrkgSAbldsvfrlsoulsvEyfiŸk] ;kSu 'kfDresadehxys] Nkrh] mnjesatyuvkfnO;kf/k;kamRiUugksrhgSA

  32. yo.kjl %& ;g jlLokncukrkgS] vUuipkrkgS] tBjkfXurst+ djrkgSAokrdk 'keudjrkgSrFkkfiŸkdksdqfirdjrkgS] dCt+ dkuk'kdjrkgS] #fp c<+krkgSAxq.kksaesa ;g vf/kdHkkjhughagksrkvfirqfLuX/k o m".kgksrkgSAbljldsvfrlsoulsfiŸkdqfirgksrkgS] I;kl c<+rhgS] 'kjhjesarkirFkk [kq'dh dh o`f) gksrhgSA de mezesackylQsngksuk] >M+ukrFkkRopkij >qfjZ;kamRiUugksukbldsbldsvfrlsouds ifj.kke gSAbldsvfrlsoulsvEyfiŸk] jDrfiŸk] okrjDr (Gout) vkfnjksxmRiUugksrsgSA dVqjl %& ;g jleqaglkQdjrkgS] tBjkfXu c<+krkgS] bfUnz;ksadksmŸksftrdjrkgS] Hkkstuesa #fpmRiUudjrkgSAokr o fiŸkdksdqfir ,oadQçdksidk 'keudjrkgSAxq.kksaesagYdk] m".krFkk :[ksxq.kokykgksrkgSAbljldsvfrlsoulsiq#"kRo 'kfDru"VgksrhgSAdVqrFkkm".krkdsçHkkols 'kjhjesavolkn] eksgrFkk /kkrqvksa dh f'kfFkyrkvkfn dh mRifŸkgksrhgS] eq[k o 'kjhjesatyu] daiurFkkokrtU; jksxdks y{k.kçdVgksukvkfnO;kf/k;kaiSnkgksrhgSaA

  33. frDrjl %& ;g rh[kkpjijkjlLoknesav#fpdkgksrsgq, HkhHkkstuesa #fpiSnkdjrkgS] fo"kkDrçHkkou"VdjrkgS] tyu] [kqtyh] ewPNkZ] RopkfodkjrFkkd`feu"VdjrkgSA ;g fiŸk o dQdk 'keudjrkgSvkSjokrdksdqfirdjrkgSAxq.kksaesa ;g :[kk] 'khry o gYdsxq.kokykgSAbldsvfrlsouls ;g jljDr] ekal] esnvkfnlIr/kkrqvksadk 'kks"k.kdjrkgS] 'kkjhfjd cy de djrkgSrFkkokrjksxksa dh o`f) djrkgSA 6½ d"kk; jl %& dlSysjldslsoulsfiŸk] dQrFkkjDrdsnks"kksadk 'keugksrkgSvkSjokrdkçdksigksrkgSA ;g laxzkgh ¼cka/kus okyk½] ?kkoHkjusokyk] ladkspdgksrkgSrFkkbldklsou de ghfd;ktkrkgSAxq.kksaesa ;g :[kk] 'khryrFkkHkkjhxq.kksaokykgksrkgSAbldsvfrlsoulseqaglw[krkgS o ,saBugksrhgSAân; esaihM+kgksrhgS] okd~'kfDresadehgksrhgS] Ropkdks ';keo.kZdjrkgS] ikS:"k cy {kh.kdjrkgSAokr] eyew= rFkk 'kqØdksjksdrkgSAi{kk?kkrvfnZr] virkudvkfnjksxmRiUudjrkgSrFkkokrfodkjmRiUudjrkgSA

  34. vk;qosZfndfpfdRlki)fr;ka • vk;qosZnesafofHkUuçdkj dh fpfdRlki)fr;kalekfgrgSatSlsjaxfpfdRlk] jlfpfdRlk] "kV~deZfpfdRlkvkfnAftudko.kZublçdkjgS %& • "kV~deZfpfdRlk %& vk;qosZnesa "kV~deZfpfdRlkfof/k }kjkHkhfofHkUujksxksalsNqVdkjkikdj f=nks"kksadkslarqfyrfd;ktkldrkgSA "kVdeZ dh N% fØ;k,ablçdkjgS %& • 1½ usfr • 2½ /kkSfr • 3½ cfLr • 4½ ukSfy • 5½ =kVd • 6½ dikyHkkfr

  35. usfr /kkSfr

  36. ukSfy =kVd

  37. “kY;fpfdRlk • *lqJqrlafgrk* vk;qosZnfoKku dh çkphu”kY; fpfdRlkfof/k dkvf/kd`rxzUFkgSAegf’kZlqJqrvk;qosZnesa “kY; fpfdRlkdstudekustkrsgSA “kY; “kkL= vk;qosZndsvkBvaxksa ;Fkk& 1] “kY;“kkL= 2]dk;&fPkfdRlk 3]jl“kkL= 4]dkSekjHk`R; 5]vxnRkU= 6]Hkwrfo|k 7] “kykD;rU= vkSj 8]okthdj.krFkkjlk;uesa ,d izeq[k vaXkgS A bllEcU/k esalqJqrdkdFkugSfd “kY; og “kkL= gS] ftlesaukukizdkjdsr`.k] ik’kk.k] /kwy] Gksg] iRFkj] vfLFk] cky] u[k] iw;] L=ko] ew<xHkZ] vkfnd’VnsusokYks “kY; ,oamudksnwjdjus dh fof/k;ksadko.kZugksrkgSvkSj “kY;kgj.kesaiz;qDr ;U=] “kL=] {kkj] vfXuvkfndksiz;qDrdjus dh fof/k;ksarFkkoz.kdsgsrq]y{k.k]fPkfdRlkvkfndkfoLr`ro.kZugksrkgSA

  38. ^”kY;* “kCn dh O;qRifr • “kkL=dkjksa us ^”kY;* ‘kCn dh O;qRifr]vFkZ ,oavfHkizk; dksfHkUu&fHkUuizdkjlsLi’Vfd;kgS]tksfuEuizdkjgS& • 1½^”kY;* mlsdgrsgS] fTklesaeuvkSj “kjhjdksd’Vigq¡prkgSAblizdkjGksg] r`.k] iw;] ew<xHkZ ,oa “kksd] fpUrkvkfnHkh “kY; dh gh Js.kh esavkrsgSA • 2½iqjkdky esaekuodksthou&j{kkFkZvusdizdkjdsladVksadklkeukdjukiM+rkFkkA ml dkyesaekuovkRej{kkFkZizk;( /kuq’kvkSjck.kdksç;ksxesaykrkFkkAfpfdRlkFkZvkusokys ,slsO;fŸkvf/kdgksrsFksftudkeuvkSj “kjhjck.kksadsvkÄkrksalsO;fFkrgksrkFkkAvr% lqJqr us ^”kY;* dh O;k[;k djrsgq, Li’Vfd;kfd “kh/kzrkiwoZdvkdjtkseudksd’Vigq¡pk;sog ^”kY;* dgykrkgSA

  39. ^”kY; “kkL= dh iz/kkurk* • vk;osZndsvkBksavaXkksaesa “kY;”kkL= dks ç/kkucryk;kx;kgSD;ksafdvkS’kf/k&fpfdRLkkvkfn dh vis{kk “kY;deZ }kjkvcqZn] v”kZ] v”kejhvkfnvusdjksxksals “kh/kzNqVdkjkik;ktkldrkgSA • nsofHk”kdvf”ouhdqekjksa }kjkfd;sx;s “kY;deZlEc/khpeRdkfjddk;Zdykiksa dh vk;qosZnh; lafgrk&xzUFkksaesavusdLFkyksaijppkZgS] ftulsjksfx;ksadksrqjUrykHkigqapkgSAnqcZyeukscyokysO;fDrvFkok “kL=deZdsd’VksadkslgudjusesavleFkZjksXkhHkh ;U=] {kkj] vfXuvkfndsiz;ksx }kjkjksXkeqDrfd;stkldrsgSaA • “kY;“kkL= blfy, HkhvU;ksa dh vis{kkJs’BgS] D;ksafd {kkj] “kL=] vfXu] tyksdkvkfndkjksXk&fuokj.kdsfy, eq[;r% mi;ksXkblh “kkL= esagSa] vU; esaughaA “kY; “kkL= blfy, HkhloZJs’BgSa] D;ksafd ;g “kk“oriq.;&nk;d] LoXkZLkn`“k] lq[knk;d] dhfrZnsusokyk] vk;qdks Ck<+kusokysvkSjthfodksiktZudjkusokykgSaaA

  40. “kkL=h; çek.kksals “kY;fpfdRlkdkewylzksrosnksaesafeyrkgS] tgk¡ banz] vfXuvkSjlksensorkdscknLoxZds ;qxoS| vf”ouhdqekjksa dh x.kuk dh xbZgSA buds dk;ZfpfdRlk ,oa ‘kY;fpfdRlklaca/khnksuksaçdkjdsdk;ZfeyrsgSa ”kjhj dh O;kf/k;ksadksnwjdjusdsfy, rFkkvaxHkax dh fLFkfresauohuvka[ksa ,oauohuvaxçnkudjusdsfy, vf”ouhdqekjksa dh çkFkZuk dh xbZgSAxHkkZ”k; dksphjdjxHkZdksckgjfudkyusrFkkew=okfguh] ew=k”k; ,oao`Ddkasesa ;fn ew= #dkgks] rksmlsogk¡ ls “kY; deZ ;k vU; çdkjlsckgjfudkyusdkmYys[k feyrkgSA blhçdkjvFkoZosnesa {kr] fonzf/k] oz.kVwVh ;k dVhvfLFk;ksadkstksM+us] dVsgq, vaxdksBhddjus] i`Fkd~ gq, ekaleTtkdksLoLFkdjusokyhvkS’kf/k lsçkFkZuk dh xbZgSAjDrlzkodsfy, iV~Vh ck¡/kus] viph ¼xys dh xazfFkdk ,d jksx½ dsfy, os/kuNsnuvkfnmipkjksadkmYys[k feyrkgSA Hkxoku~ cq) dsdkyesathodukedfpfdRld }kjkdjksfV ,oamnjxrcM+s “kY;deZlQyrkiwoZdfd, tkusdko.kZugSAlqlqaxfBr ,oa “kkL=h; :ilsvk;qosZnh; “kY;fpfdRlk dh uhaobanzdsf”k’; /kUoarfj us MkyhA /kUoarfjdsf”k’; lqJqr us bl “kkL= dkslokZaxksikaxfodflrdjO;ogkjksi;ksxhLo:ifn;kA ml le; Hkh “kY; dk {ks= lkekU; dkf;d “kY;fpfdRlkFkkvkSj Å/zot=qxrjksxksa ,oa “kY;deZ ¼vFkkZr~ us=jksx] uklk] daB] d.kZvkfndsjksx ,o rRlaca/kh “kY;deZ½ dkfopkjv’Vkaxk;qosZnds “kkykD; uked “kk[kkesai`Fkd~ :ilsfd;ktkrkFkkA

  41. {kkjlw= fpfdRlkifjp; • pjdds {kkj&lEcU/kho.kZuls ;g HkhizrhrgksrkgSfd ml dkyesaftlizdkjdk;fpfdRlk]/kkUoURkjh; fpfdRlkvkSjvfXudeZfpfdRlkvkSjvfXudeZfpfdRlkdjusokysfpfdRldvyx&vYkxgksrsFks] mlhizdkj {kkj }kjkfpfdRlkdjusokysfpfdRldksadkHkhi`FkdghlEiznk; FkkA;g ml dky dh {kkjfpfdRlk dh pjelhekdklwpdgSA {kkjd`R; • tksjksx {kkjdsiz;ksxlsBhdgkstkrsgSaosa ^{kkjd`R;* dgykrsgSaA {kkjd`R; O;kf/k;ksaesaHkhtks “kwuxk=] vfLFk“kwG] v=}s”kh] gn; vkSjlfU/k&ihM+klsihfM+rgks] muesa {kkjdkiz;ksxughadjukpkfg,A {kkjdkiz;ksxjksx] nks’k] Cky] ek=k] dkyvkSjvfXu dh Hkyhizdkjijh{kkdjusokysfpfdRld dh ns[k&js[k esadjukpkfg,AmDrfpfdRlkçfØ;klsv“kZ~&HkxUnj(piles and fistula) dh pkdwjfgr “kY; fpfdRlk dh tkrhgSAblfof/k esavkS’k/kh; rRoksalsHkkforlw= dscka/kus ,oafijksuslsv“kZdVdjfxjtkrsgS ,oaHkxUnjds /kkofcukvfrfjDrejgeiV~VhdsLor% HkjtkrsgSrFkknqckjkmlhLFkkuijiqu% mRiUuughagksrsAbujksxksaesa ;g fof/k 99 çfr“krlQy “kY; fpfdRlkgSA ;g dkQhlLrh] çpfyr ,oalQyi)frgSA

  42. 'ka[k ç{kkyufof/k Hkhvk;qosZn }kjknhxbZfpfdRlki)fr;ksaesals ,d gSftldsek/;e lsvkgkjuyh dh lQkbZ dh tkrhgSA • bldsbykoklw;ZueLdkjdkHkhgekjs'kkL=ksaesafo'kno.kZugSftldsek/;e lsdbZjksxksadsdhVk.kqu"VgksrsgSa] 'kjhjdksfoVkfeuMhvf/kdek=k esaçkIrgksrkgSrFkk 'kjhjesajDrlapkjrhozgkstkrkgSA

  43. milagkj • vk;qosZn us tgkajksx] jksxdsdkj.k] mRifr] y{k.kfunku ,oamipkjdko.kZufd;kgSoghanwljhvksjvk;qosZnesajksxhdkHkhoxZHksnfd;kx;kgSAvk;qosZndsvuqlkjjksxhnksçdkjdsgksrsgSaekufldjksxh ,oa 'kkjhfjdjksxhAvk;qosZnnksuksaghçdkjdsjksfx;ksadsmipkjdsfy, fofHkUufo/kkvksadkHkhmYys[k djrkgSAftuesa “kV~d.kZfpfdRlkftldkmijksDro.kZufd;kx;kgS] dslkFkghlw;Zfdj.kfpfdRlk] jlfpfdRlk] ikjkfpfdRlk] fo"kfpfdRlk] u{k= fpfdRlktSlsdbZi)fr;kagSftldkvk;qosZnesafoLr`ro.kZugSAbldsbykokvk/;kfRedfpfdRlkftlesa ;a= ea= o ra= dsek/;e lsHkhjksxhdksjksxeqDrdjusdkfo/kkuvk;qosZn 'kkL= esafd;kx;kgSAblçdkj ;ksxrFkkvk;qosZndklkeatL; euq"; dsleLrlk/;] d"Vlk/; o vlk/; rhuksaghçdkj dh HkkSfrd o v/;kfRedihM+klseqfDrçnku l{kegSA

  44. THANK YOU

More Related