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The Basics of Reliable Distributed Storage Networks

The Basics of Reliable Distributed Storage Networks. 姓 名: 冼炳基 學 號: 927479. Outline. Introduction & Why use DSN ?? What is SAN( S torage A rea N etwork) ?? What is NAS( N etwork- A ttached S torage) ?? Distributed SAN Application Distributed NAS Application SAN or NAS ??

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The Basics of Reliable Distributed Storage Networks

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  1. The Basics of Reliable Distributed Storage Networks 姓 名: 冼炳基 學 號: 927479

  2. Outline • Introduction & Why use DSN ?? • What is SAN(Storage Area Network) ?? • What is NAS(Network-Attached Storage) ?? • Distributed SAN Application • Distributed NAS Application • SAN or NAS ?? • Future directions : IP storage • Summary

  3. Storage networks Introduction • Increase storage efficiency and data availability • Permit user quickly and efficiently perform information management function • Backup and recovery • Data mirroring • Disaster recovery • Data migration • Efficient of stored data greater than traditional “islands of storage” • Manage access data to increase performance , survivability and control costs

  4. Why use DSN ?? (1) • Geographical and distances • Ensure Data survivability over wide geographical areas • Provide data synchronization over large distances • New regulatory requirements • Sarbanes-Oxley Act • Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act • Securities and Exchange Commission • Serial optical-fiber-based storage protocols • Escon (Enterprise System Connection) • Fiber Channel

  5. Why use DSN ?? (2) • Bus-based protocols limited to a few meters • Native-mode Escon and Fiber Channel transmission more than 10 kilometers • Repeaters or link extenders as far as 100 kilometers • Storage data travel over MANs and WANs using transport protocols • ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) • Sonet (Synchronous Optical Network) • WDM (Wavelength-Division Multiplexing) • IP (Internet Protocol)

  6. What is SAN (Storage Area Network) • One common storage network • Computing and storage nodes via fabric of network switches • Switched fabric support multiple simultaneous full-bandwidth connections • A common backup server connect to any storage device for scheduled or manual backup • Employ a gateway provide MAN of WAN interworking and protocol translation

  7. SAN implementation

  8. What is NAS (Network-Attached Storage) • Consists of a file manager attached to a LAN • NAS difference with SAN • NAS serves file-structured data to clients • SAN serves block-structured data to application servers • Some NAS implementation • NAS head to serves files to its clients • Attaches to a back-end SAN to manage block-structured data • Two issues for grographic range of NAS • Distance limitations inherent in LAN protocols • Use of a distributed SAN to provide backend storage for a NAS

  9. NAS architectures

  10. Distributed SAN Application • Storage integration • Remote backup and restore • Disk mirroring • Data migration • Business continuity and disaster recovery • Remote operation of peripheral devices • Mainframe and open-systems connectivity

  11. Storage integration • Using DSN to share disks and intergrate storage across a wide grographic area • Useful in amount of stored data is large • Database of genetic information • Multimedia or video servers • Multiple servers update a common database • User don’t know where the data’s acutal physical location • Must limit data access to one user at any time • Employ a locking mechanism

  12. Shared-storage configuration

  13. Remote backup and restore • Non-real-time backup and restore from a remote location • Traditionally remote backup defect • Time-consuming • Disruptive process • Dedicated personnel and equipment • Back up automatically across the MAN of WAN to tape or disk • Restore data from the backup copy across the MAN of WAN

  14. Remote backup and restore

  15. Disk mirroring • Near-real-time mirror data to multiple disk • Mirroring vs. backup • data availability • cost • Synchronous vs. Asynchronous mirroring • Local system log change immediately then periodically logged change to remote system • Forms of disk mirroring • Processor-centric • Storage-centric • Split-mirror

  16. Processor vs. storage -centric

  17. Split-mirror • Use a third mirror disk • Increase reliability • Minimize the possibility of data loss • Normal operation vs. copying data operation • Optimum performance and minimal disruption • The better solution for perform copy operation • Read-only can continue normally • Frozen image • Two basic ways to resynchronize third mirror • Overwrite all data to third disk from the other two • Use a transaction log to update changed blocks

  18. Split-mirror architecture

  19. Data migration • Efficiently move large volumes of data • Previously an awkward process • Need to copy volumes of data to type • Physically transprot to new location • Disrupting day-to-day processing • Storage networks provide an elegant solution • Mirroring or backup can create a new copy at new location • New location copy can intend of old location copy at a specified time

  20. Business continuity and disaster recovery • DSN are important for this require • Loses data • Using standard backup and restore • mirroring • Loses processing capability • Processing continue by secondary site • Either site becomes inoperative • Other site can continue full processing

  21. Remote operation of peripheral devices • Use storage protocols to remotely orperate peripheral devices • Printers • Check sorters • Perform remote-peripheral operation • SAN • Mainframe storage architectures

  22. Mainframe and open-systems connectivity • Application for connectivity • Integration of e-commerce and mainframe-based application • Data warehousing • Backup and recovery • Moving data among mainframe and open systems • LAN • FTP • Transfer the data directly between storage subsystems is faster • Gateway or bridge translates between Escon or Ficon • Ficon storage protocol used in mainframe channel subsystem and SCSI • Fiber Channel used in open systems storage network

  23. Mainframe and open-systems connectivity architecture

  24. Distributed NAS Application Distrubute NAS application in two way • Using switched gigabit Ethernet • Enable NAS file managers to be 5 kilometers • Production LAN without needing repeaters • For NAS head configuration • Distribute the back-end SAN across multiple sites • Using any of distribute SAN applications

  25. SAN or NAS ?? • NAS • A short-term tactical solution • Use an existing Ethernet LAN • Performance for smaller installations of less than 5 Tbytes) • SAN • For large installations(greater than 5 Tbytes • Where management and reliability • Multisite data sharing and replication • Long-term strategic solution • SAN and NAS are beginning to converge • A NAS head with a SAN back end identical to SAN • NAS and SAN as two different views of the same data

  26. Future directions : IP storage • Using internet and TCP/IP to transport block storage data • Ubiquity and availability of internet technologies • Cost and performance advantages of internet technologies • New application over internet • iSCSI (Small Computer Systems Interface Protocol over the Internet) • FCIP (Fibre Channel over TCP/IP) • iFCP (Internet Fibre Channel Protocol) • Think of IP storage as a compatible technology

  27. Summary • Distrubuted storage applications improve the efficiency • Remote backup and mirroring improve reliability • Business continuity and disaster recovery enable enterprises to recover quickly and transparently • Storage protocols and gateway enable data transfer between mainframe and open-systems • NAS provide shared file access for clients using LAN • Integrate with SAN to provide truly distributed metwork capabilities

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