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Warm-Up: 1. Convert 14 km to meters 2. Convert 455 ml to liters. Practice: 1. 1285 ml to L 2. 19.78 km to m 3. 89234 m to km 4. .00564 km to m 5. 190 cm to m 6. 2423.232 mm to m 7. 1800 g to kg 8. 5343 hg to g 9. 4.545 L to ml 10. 2 days to seconds. Notes: Matter.
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Warm-Up: 1. Convert 14 km to meters2. Convert 455 ml to liters
Practice:1. 1285 ml to L2. 19.78 km to m3. 89234 m to km4. .00564 km to m5. 190 cm to m6. 2423.232 mm to m7. 1800 g to kg8. 5343 hg to g9. 4.545 L to ml10. 2 days to seconds
An atom is the smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still be the same substance.
If you lined up 70 million atoms, they would stretch across your pencil eraser.
An atom’s nucleus is its center.The nucleus contains protons and neutrons
The atom is mostly empty space. Think of a baseball inside of Turner Field.
Warm-Up: 1. What is the “building block of matter?”2. The number of ______ in the ______gives each element its identity.
Electrons are negatively charged particles in the electron cloud
Energy Level # of electrons 1 2 2 8 3 18 4 32
The number of the period (row) an element is in, is the same as the number of shells it has
The first shell needs to be full before the second shell gets any electrons.
The last, or outer, shell is called the VALENCE SHELL.The electrons in the valence shell are called valence electrons
Warm-Up:1. How many valence electrons does carbon have?2. How many valence electrons does sodium have?3. How many valence electrons does chlorine have?
Atomic Mass: Average Mass of all isotopes in nature of that element
Warm-Up:1. How many electrons can fill the first shell of an atom? How many can fill shells 2 & 3?2. What is the valence shell?3. Draw a oxygen atom
Molecules are made of multiple atoms chemically joined together.
An ionic bond happens when electrons are transferred between atoms. This results in a positive ion and a negative ion.
When atoms join to form molecules, they create a new substance with unique properties
The new substance is a compound Sugar: C12H22O11
Warm-Up:1. Which subatomic particles move around the nucleus? 2. What makes atoms of elements different from one another?3. How many atoms of each element does this formula have? 2H2O2
Identifying Compounds • Each new element is identified by a capital letter • Example: H2SO4 • The elements in Sulfuric Acid • Hydrogen • Sulfur • Oxygen
Subscripts • C12H22O11 • There are 12 atoms of Carbon • There are 22 atoms of Hydrogen • There are 11 atoms of Oxygen • If there is not a subscript listed, it is understood to be 1. • Example: NaCl • There is one atom of Sodium • There is one atom of Chlorine
NaHCO3 HCl
There are times you will see a compound with parenthesis. Pb(NO3)2 So, in counting the atoms, you would have the following: Lead – Oxygen - Nitrogen -
(NH4)3PO4 Mg(OH)2
Coefficient 2H2SO4 This means there are 2 compounds of Sulfuric Acid. Think: H2SO4 H2SO4 Counting the atoms: Hydrogen – Sulfur – Oxygen -
3H3PO4 2H2O