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Learn how to tailor your message to diverse audiences by assessing their needs, setting goals, and choosing appropriate outcomes. Discover ways to measure success and create engaging presentations through solid thesis statements, structured organization, and impactful verbal and visual support. Gain insight into using transitions, introductions, and conclusions effectively, and enhance your delivery skills for impactful communication.
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Preparing for Conscious Communication Based on Chapter 3, Goodall and Goodall Lynne Dahmen COM 2301: Advanced Speech
Choosing a Goal • Assess your audience • Eg: clients, your peers, your boss • What are their needs/expectations • Generate desired outcomes • Eg: persuade, convince, inform • Establish criteria for success • Eg: hire company, create an event, receive positive feedback
How can we learn about the audience and their needs? • Primary documents and research • Material provided by audience • Inquiries about or from members of audience • Secondary research • Similar types of audiences and their needs • Similar situations
Audiences for our Project • Scenario 1: variety of Moroccan workers of the hotel • Scenario 2: Moroccan executives, internationally traveled and experienced • Scenario 3: Specialized health workers (disease control)
Needs and Expectations • What specialized information is needed? • How must this information be communicated effectively? • What is the audience’s relationship to the presenters? • What sense of urgency?
Possible Outcomes • Inform: relatively neutral goal • Persuade: listeners accept, purchase, value, or act on information • Entertain: little consequence • Build a relationship: notion of dialogue • Mixed goals: common!
What are the goals for our class presentations? • For ourselves • For our target audience • For our organization or company
How will we measure success? • Financial gain? • Building relationships? • Long-term profit? • Short-term satisfaction? • Enhanced reputation? • Lives saved?
Creating a Message • Thesis • Organization • Support • Transitions • Intro and Conclusion (basics of writing and speaking!)
Basic Structural Patterns • Causal (cause and effect) • Problem—solution • Chronological • Topical • Combination (frequent)
Types of Verbal Support • Facts and Statistics • Testimony or authoritative sources • Examples • Narratives/personal anecdotes
When using statistics, make sure: • they are from credible sources • they can be validated independently • to use them sparingly • to tie them to your point • to provide interpretation as needed • to use visual representations as appropriate • to cite the sources (!!)
When using quotes, make sure: • the source is credible • the reference is relevant to the topic • to only cite what is needed, nothing extra • not to alter the meaning by selective quoting • the link is made clear to the audience
When using examples or narratives, make sure: • the story is attention getting • they support your points/sub points • they will not be offensive to your audience • it is memorable • the stories have not been heard before
When using visual support, make sure: • the visuals meet the professional expectations of your audience • they suit the meeting space • the show doesn’t go over time • they add visual quality
Ways to use Transitions • Introduce or preview points • Signal topic changes • Signal progression in chronology • Offer extended explanations, key definitions or ideas • Indicate spatial relationships • Remind the audience of prior points
Goals for Introductions • Gain attention • Ask a question, a quote or use a startling statement, relate an experience, tell an anecdote, use a captivating image • State a thesis • Preview the points in the speech • Offer how the listeners will benefit
Goals for Conclusions • Reviews main points • Provides closure • Leads to future possibilities
Step 3: Coordinating with Others • Gain feedback • Rehearse the message • Make sure there are no mistakes • Makes people feel included
Step 4: Delivering the Message • Practice • Depends on previous experience, complexity of presentation, familiarity with topic and audience, confidence, formality of occasion • Fluency • Language ability, comfort with topic • Naturalness • Manner of speaking • Vivacity • Energy and enthusiasm • Non-verbal confidence