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Unit Intro & Manifest Destiny

Please pick up Class Notes #16 and take out the following: *Focus #16 – turn in maps only for credit *Unit Guide with homework 9, 10, & 11 We will: *introduce the “National Expansion & Civil War” unit *explain how and why Americans moved west to the Pacific in the early 1800s

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Unit Intro & Manifest Destiny

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  1. Please pick up Class Notes #16 and take out the following: *Focus #16 – turn in maps only for credit *Unit Guide with homework 9, 10, & 11 We will: *introduce the “National Expansion & Civil War” unit *explain how and why Americans moved west to the Pacific in the early 1800s *map America’s expansion westward from 1783 to 1853 Unit Intro & Manifest Destiny

  2. Schedule Changes Due to Snow Day Write these down on the unit guide: *Thursday, Dec. 12 (today) - Manifest Destiny, Focus 17 *Monday, Dec. 16 – we will still be in lab 231 to work on the Civil War exhibit – bring materials/research, Focus 17 and H9 collected for credit *Wednesday, Dec. 18 – Polk & the Mexican-American War and Focus 18; QUARTER EXHIBITS ARE STILL DUE THIS DAY! *Friday, Dec. 20 – Quiz #4 and Focus 18: Road to Secession We will need to cancel the exhibition – we will post exhibits in the classroom after break Optional HW 10 and all “Young Republic” make-up materials still due by December 20

  3. The Drive Westward Westward migration in the early 1800s was motivated by: • relatively cheap land • growth/overcrowding of Northeastern cities due to immigration • exhaustion of land due to tobacco/cotton agriculture • desire for freedom

  4. Political & Social Factors • John Louis O’Sullivan coined the phrase “Manifest Destiny” in the Democratic Review (1839) – expansion as an American “right” • Horace Greeley, publisher of the New York Tribune advised, “Go West, young man, go West!” – expansion as a “safety valve” for easing social tensions • National Reform Association campaigned for free land with the slogan “vote yourself a farm!”– led to the free-soil movement and eventually the Homestead Act of 1862

  5. Technology • Technology advances made expansion/settlement possible: • Samuel F.B. Morse’s telegraph (1832) • Cyrus McCormick’s mechanical reaper (1834) • Samuel Colt’s revolver (1836) • Expansion of the railway network (1830s-on)

  6. American Pioneers Move West Movement of settlers westward predated territorial expansion • Santa Fe Trail connected America with Southwest • growing attraction of California – access to the Pacific • Brigham Young led the Mormons to the Salt Lake basin in the 1840s to escape persecution back east • Oregon Trail started in the 1830s; settlers traveled by Conestoga wagon to the Willamette Valley

  7. Western Trails

  8. Texas Independence • Mexico offered land grants to Americans in the 1820s; Stephen Austin was the most successful empresario (land agent) • tensions grew between Texans and Mexicans over cultural differences and slavery • President Santa Anna imposed taxes, rejected petitions for self-government, and sought to crush open rebellion in 1835 • Texas War of Independence (1835-36) produced an independent Republic of Texas led by its own president, Sam Houston • Annexation by the U.S. was delayed by concerns over reopening the slavery debate, since Texans wanted to keep their slaves

  9. “Remember the Alamo!”http://10.120.2.41/SAFARI/montage/play.php?frompage=play&keyindex=118462&location=005849&chapterskeyindex=382779&sceneclipskeyindex=-1

  10. Westward Expansion • Work with your partner to complete Focus 17: Westward Expansion (due by Monday) • You can also work to complete Focus 16 (due today) if you have not already done so • Both focus activities are being collected for stand-alone formative credit • Homework 9 is also due Monday • Be prepared to bring exhibit research with you to the work session in lab 231 on Monday

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