In this text, Jesus turns water to wine!

2. In this text, Jesus turns water to wine!

3. “On the third day there was a wedding at Cana in Galilee, and the mother of Jesus was there. Jesus also was invited to the wedding with his disciples. When the wine ran out, the mother of Jesus said to him, ‘They have no wine.’ And Jesus said to her, ‘Woman, what does this have to do with me? My hour has not yet come.’ His mother said to the servants, ‘Do whatever he tells you.’

4. “Now there were six stone water jars there for the Jewish rites of purification, each holding twenty or thirty gallons. Jesus said to the servants, ‘Fill the jars with water.’ And they filled them up to the brim. And he said to them, ‘Now draw some out and take it to the master of the feast.’ So they took it. When the master of the feast tasted the water now become wine, and did not know where it came from (though the servants who had drawn the water knew), the master of the feast called the bridegroom and said to him, ‘Everyone serves the good wine first, and when people have drunk freely, then the poor wine.

5. “‘But you have kept the good wine until now.’ This, the first of his signs, Jesus did at Cana in Galilee, and manifested his glory. And his disciples believed in him” (Jn 2:1-11, ESV).

6. How could the perfect Son of God make wine?

7. The people of Jesus’ day had four ways to keep wine from fermenting.

8. The people of Jesus’ day had four ways to keep wine from fermenting. • Since the term “wine” in Gr references both alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, it’s certainly possible that Jesus made this kind of wine.

9. Grape juice left to itself is going to ferment.

10. Grape juice left to itself is going to ferment. • Plutarch said, “We call a mixture ‘wine’ although the larger of the component parts is water.”

11. Grape juice left to itself is going to ferment. • Plutarch said, “We call a mixture ‘wine’ although the larger of the component parts is water.” • “It is harmful to drink wine alone, or again, to drink water alone, while wine mixed with water is sweet and delicious, and enhances one’s enjoyment.”

12. Grape juice left to itself is going to ferment. • Plutarch said, “We call a mixture ‘wine’ although the larger of the component parts is water.” • “It is harmful to drink wine alone, or again, to drink water alone, while wine mixed with water is sweet and delicious, and enhances one’s enjoyment.” • The water and wine were mixed at ratios between 3-to-1 to even 20-to-1.

13. Grape juice left to itself is going to ferment. • Plutarch said, “We call a mixture ‘wine’ although the larger of the component parts is water.” • “It is harmful to drink wine alone, or again, to drink water alone, while wine mixed with water is sweet and delicious, and enhances one’s enjoyment.” • The water and wine were mixed at ratios between 3-to-1 to even 20-to-1. • Robert H. Stein, “It is possible to become intoxicated from wine mixed with three parts of water, but one’s drinking would probably affect the bladder long before it affected the mind.”

14. “Those who tarry long over wine” (Prov 23:30, ESV).

15. The Jews added nothing to wine to increase its effect.

16. The Jews added nothing to wine to increase its effect. • The alcohol content was very, very minimal.

17. The Jews added nothing to wine to increase its effect. • The alcohol content was very, very minimal. It was NOTHING like what we call wine.

18. The Jews added nothing to wine to increase its effect. • The alcohol content was very, very minimal. It was NOTHING like what we call wine. • Greeks added herbal toxins to wine in order to become drunk.

19. The Jews added nothing to wine to increase its effect. • The alcohol content was very, very minimal. It was NOTHING like what we call wine. • Greeks added herbal toxins to wine in order to become drunk. Devout Jews abhorred this practice.

20. The Jews added nothing to wine to increase its effect. • The alcohol content was very, very minimal. It was NOTHING like what we call wine. • Greeks added herbal toxins to wine in order to become drunk. Devout Jews abhorred this practice. • The wine Jesus made—whether or not it contained some alcohol—could not have led to drunkenness.

21. The significance is the effect this sign had on the disciples.

22. The significance is the effect this sign had on the disciples. • “This, the first of his signs, Jesus did at Cana in Galilee, and manifested his glory. And his disciples believed in him” (v 11, ESV).

23. The significance is the effect this sign had on the disciples. • “This, the first of his signs, Jesus did at Cana in Galilee, and manifested his glory. And his disciples believed in him” (v 11, ESV). • “Now Jesus did many other signs in the presence of the disciples, which are not written in this book; but these are written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in his name” (Jn 20:30-31, ESV).

24. Vv 1-2 Jesus believes in weddings!

25. “On the third day there was a wedding in Cana in Galilee, and the mother of Jesus was there. Jesus also was invited to the wedding with his disciples” (vv 1-2, ESV).

26. Two possible sites of Cana.

27. Two possible sites of Cana. • One site is three miles from Nazareth & the other is eight.

28. Two possible sites of Cana. • One site is three miles from Nazareth & the other is eight. • With either location, it’s likely that Jesus & his family knew the bride & groom’s family.

29. In the ancient world, you did not elope!

30. In the ancient world, you did not elope! • You wanted as big a wedding as possible.

31. In the ancient world, you did not elope! • You wanted as big a wedding as possible. • You especially wanted to invite Jewish teachers such as Jesus.

32. In the ancient world, you did not elope! • You wanted as big a wedding as possible. • You especially wanted to invite Jewish teachers such as Jesus. • The fact that Jesus attends this wedding demonstrates his approval of weddings.

33. Jesus also approves of weddings, for he turns the water into wine.

34. Jesus also approves of weddings, for he turns the water into wine. • Weddings lasted for seven days, and the host was expected to have enough wine for all his guests for that length of time.

35. Jesus also approves of weddings, for he turns the water into wine. • Weddings lasted for seven days, and the host was expected to have enough wine for all his guests for that length of time. • Running out of wine at your wedding was a MAJOR faux pas.

36. Jesus also approves of weddings, for he turns the water into wine. • Weddings lasted for seven days, and the host was expected to have enough wine for all his guests for that length of time. • Running out of wine at your wedding was a MAJOR faux pas. • This couple & their parents would have been subject to jests for years to come.

37. Jesus also approves of weddings, for he turns the water into wine. • Weddings lasted for seven days, and the host was expected to have enough wine for all his guests for that length of time. • Running out of wine at your wedding was a MAJOR faux pas. • This couple & their parents would have been subject to jests for years to come. • Jesus spares them that embarrassment by turning the water to wine.

38. God thinks highly of marriage!

39. God thinks highly of marriage! • It was God himself who performed the first wedding ceremony.

40. God thinks highly of marriage! • It was God himself who performed the first wedding ceremony. • Jesus spoke highly of marriage.

41. God thinks highly of marriage! • It was God himself who performed the first wedding ceremony. • Jesus spoke highly of marriage: • “‘A man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh’[.] So they are no longer two but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together, let not man separate” (Mt 19:5-6, ESV).

42. God thinks highly of marriage! • It was God himself who performed the first wedding ceremony. • Jesus spoke highly of marriage: • “‘A man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh’[.] So they are no longer two but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together, let not man separate” (Mt 19:5-6, ESV). • “I say to you: whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another, commits adultery” (Mt 19:9, ESV).

43. What is our view of marriage?

44. Vv 3-5 Jesus cared deeply for his mother.

45. “When the wine ran out, the mother of Jesus said to him, ‘They have no wine.’ And Jesus said to her, ‘Woman, what does this have to do with me? My hour has not yet come.’ His mother said to the servants, ‘Do whatever he tells you’” (vv 3-5, ESV).

46. Mary informs Jesus that the wine was gone.

47. Mary informs Jesus that the wine was gone. • At ancient weddings, the women’s quarters were near where the wine was kept.

48. Mary informs Jesus that the wine was gone. • At ancient weddings, the women’s quarters were near where the wine was kept. • Mary’s words likely express an expectation that Jesus will do something about the situation.

49. Mary informs Jesus that the wine was gone. • At ancient weddings, the women’s quarters were near where the wine was kept. • Mary’s words likely express an expectation that Jesus will do something about the situation. • Weddings in the ancient world were quite expensive & guests were expected to help defray the cost.

50. Mary informs Jesus that the wine was gone. • At ancient weddings, the women’s quarters were near where the wine was kept. • Mary’s words likely express an expectation that Jesus will do something about the situation. • Weddings in the ancient world were quite expensive & guests were expected to help defray the cost. • Some have suggested that Mary may not be asking Jesus to do anything miraculous but simply to go buy wine.