Sociology Chapter 5

1. Sociology Chapter 5 Section 1: Personality Development Section 2: The Social Self

2. Read Chapter 5 Section 1 and answer the Section review on page 106 questions 3-5 Then write down the four main factors that affect personality development (heredity, birth order, parental characteristics, and cultural environment). In a writing tell me which of the four factors you think have more influence on personality development and which have less.

3. Section 2: The Social Self Draw a Venn diagram . Label the right circle How I View Myself, label the middle section Both, and label the left circle How Others See Me. Complete the Venn diagram. Your answers will remain private if you wish. In a paragraph discuss reasons for similarities and differences in how people view themselves and how others view them. Section 2 we will learn about three sociological theories to explain how individuals develop a sense of self and become socialized.

4. Section 2: The Social Self At birth we can not speak, walk, feed or protect ourselves Through interaction we learn the social and cultural norms of our society The process in which people learn the basic skill, values, beliefs and behavior patterns is called socialization

5. Locke: The Tabula Rasa John Locke (enlightenment philosopher) said every new born had a tabula rasa or clean slate We acquire our personalities as a result of our social experiences Most sociologist think socialization is a process by which individuals absorb the aspect of their culture with which they come in contact.

6. Cooley: The Looking-Glass Self Cooley is known for his theory explaining how individuals develop a sense of self The concept of the looking-glass self in central to his theory The looking-glass self: refers to the interactive process by which we develop an image of ourselves based on how we imaged we appear to others. Other people act as a mirror, reflecting back the image we project through their reactions to our behaviors 1st- we imagine how we appear to others 2nd- based on there reactions to us we attempt to determine whether others view us as we view ourselves 3rd- we use our perception of how other judge use to develop feeling about ourselves

7. Cooley: The Looking-Glass Self The process of identity development begins very early in childhood The theory puts a lot of responsibility on parents and family as they are the child primary group when they are developing their personalities However personalities can change and the process continues throughout life as people redefine their self image

8. Mead: Role-Taking Mead adds on to Cooley’s theory Seeing ourselves as others see us is only the beginning We then take on or pretend to take on the roles of other Role-taking- forms the basis of the socialization process allowing us to anticipate what other expect of us. We learn to see ourselves through others eyes We internalize the expectation others have for us and the expectations societies has for you Role-Taking is not automatic we develop it through social skills 1- under the age od 3 children imitate the actions of others. This is preparation of role-taking 2- age of three children begin to play or act our the roles of others. They are trying to see the world through others eyes 3-school age children begin to play organized games and take on a role and internalize the expectation of others