PERENCANAAN STRATEGIS SISTEM INFORMASI (PSSI)

1. PERENCANAAN STRATEGIS SISTEM INFORMASI (PSSI)

2. KULIAH I • PEMAHAMAN • ISTILAH-ISTILAH DASAR, DEFINISI, DAN LATAR BELAKANG PERENCANAAN STRATEGIS SISTEM INFORMASI • BAHAN : BUKU WARD & PEPPARD

3. AGENDA : • DEFINISI PSSI • DEFINISI ISTILAH-ISTILAH DALAM PSSI • ALASAN PERLUNYA PSSI • KEBUTUHAN DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN PSSI • KEUNTUNGAN MEMBUAT PSSI

4. Definition of SPIS • The creation of a strategy or direction for theprocurement and use of information systemswithin an organization. • The process of identifying a portfolio ofcomputer-based applications that will assistan organization executing its business plansand realizing its business goals. Lederer &Gardiner 1992

5. The means of identifying application systems which support and enhance organizational strategy. It also provides a framework for the effective implementation of these systems. • Fidler & Rogerson, 1996 • The process of developing a plan for the use of information systems within an organization which is both cost-effective and aligned with the prioritised management andoperation needs of the organization

6. Coverage of SPIS • Long-term plans of IS/IT based on theorganization overall businessobjectives. • Organize by senior management todefine the enterprise demands of its IT. • Defining IS/IT mission based on theenterprise’s mission and objectives • Defining IT policies • Defining business processes andinformation flows of the enterprise

7. Basic Terms of SPIS 􀂄 Strategy 􀂄 Strategic 􀂄 Planning 􀂄 Strategic Planning 􀂄 Information 􀂄 Information Systems 􀂄 Information Technology

8. What is Strategy? 􀂄 An elaborate and systematic plan of action 􀂄 Long term action plan for achieving a goal 􀂄 We need strategy in order to be flexible to respond rapidly to competitive and market changes 􀂄 Competitive strategy is about being different 􀂄 The essence of strategy is choosing to perform activities differently than rivals do 􀂄 Generic strategies: cost-leadership, differentiation, and focus

9. What is Strategic? 􀂄 Highly important to or an integral part of a strategy or plan of action especially in war. 􀂄 Strategic positions can be based on customer’s needs, customers’ accessibility, or the variety of a company’s products or services “Challenge: How to create a sustainable strategic position?”

10. What is Planning 􀂄 Planning is the action of anticipating the future 􀂄 IS/IT Planning is designed to counteract the possibility the IT/IS will be implemented in a piecemeal fashion 􀂄 Three levels of planning • Long-term planning • Medium-term planning • Short-term planning

11. What is strategic planning? 􀂄 Long-term plans based on the organization overall business objectives. 􀂄 Strategic plans are typically multiple years (5-10) using scenarios or other planning methods that identifies assumption, risks, and environmental factors 􀂄 Focus on the external environment and making decisions about the allocation of resources for competitive advantage

12. Information • Manipulated from data • • Numeric • • Text • • Graphic • • Image • • Etc • Basis to create knowledge and wisdom • Have various degree of certainty

13. What is information system? 􀂄 Information System is a set of interrelated elements or components that collect (input), manipulate (process), and disseminate (output) data and information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective of organization 􀂄 Confined to Computer-based Information System 􀂄 It’s a computer application to perform a certain tasks

14. What is information technology? 􀂄 The technology that support IS to perform certain tasks. 􀂄 IT comprises artefacts for collection, storage, dissemination and manipulation of data. 􀂄 Computing platforms used to provide computing services that connect employees, customer, and suppliers into a coherent digital environment.

15. Why SPIS is Needed? 􀂄 Business opportunities are missed 􀂄 Systems and technology investments do not support the business objectives 􀂄 Lack of integration of systems 􀂄 Ineffective information management 􀂄 No priorities of IS/IT 􀂄 Resource levels are not optimal 􀂄 IT strategy is incoherent 􀂄 Lack of understanding and commitment among users, senior management, IS/IT specialist 􀂄 Conflict still exist

16. SPIS Requirements 􀂄 Understanding the nature of the organization, its goals and objectives, where it is going, its culture, and how it ‘thinks’; 􀂄 Understanding the information technology, what is available, how IT is changing, what the potential uses are; 􀂄 Understanding the information needs, what information flows through the organization; what decisions are made as a result; how information supports business processes; 􀂄 Understanding the people, what their roles are in the organization, what their objectives and motives are, how they implement business processes; 􀂄 Understanding the environment, what influences the organization - legislation, markets, technology, media.

17. Advantages of Having SPIS 􀂄 Identify most desirable applications in which to invest. 􀂄 Help an organization uses its IT/IS to carry out existing business strategy. 􀂄 Help an organization defines new business strategy.

18. Failure to Have SPIS Will Cause…. 􀂄 Missed business opportunities 􀂄 Duplicated systems exist 􀂄 IS/IT cannot support business processes 􀂄 Ad-hoc approaches 􀂄 Priorities are not based on business needs 􀂄 Incompatible systems 􀂄 Wasted resources, and underutilized resources 􀂄 Lack of agreement on IT/IS strategic direction

19. Session Exercises Describe the meaning of SPIS Define the coverage of SPIS Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of SPIS Give 3-5 justifications in any organization why it needs to develop SPIS