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Ideal Gas Law & Gas Stoichiometry

Learn about the Ideal Gas Law, gas stoichiometry, and Avogadro’s Principle with examples. Solve problems involving moles, pressure, volume, temperature, and molecular mass. Understand gas density and conversions at STP. Enhance your gas law knowledge now!

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Ideal Gas Law & Gas Stoichiometry

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  1. Ideal Gas Law & Gas Stoichiometry

  2. Ideal Gas Law P V = n R T • P = Pressure (atm) • V = Volume (L) • T = Temperature (K) • n = number of moles • R = 0.0821 L atm / mol K

  3. PV = nRT • Calculate the number of moles of a gas contained in a 3.0 L vessel at 300.0K with a pressure of 1.50 atm

  4. Example Dinitrogen monoxide (N2O), laughing gas, is used by dentists as an anesthetic. If 2.86 mol of gas occupies a 20.0 L tank at 23°C, what is the pressure (mmHg) in the tank in the dentist office? Note: 1atm = 760 mm Hg

  5. Permutations of the Ideal Gas Law PV = mRT M • P = Pressure (atm) • V = volume (L) • m = mass of the gas (g) • R = 0.0821 L atm / mol K • T = Temperature (K) • M = molecular mass

  6. Example • What is the pressure 2.0 g of nitrogen gas in a 5.0 L container at 300.0 K?

  7. Permutations of the Ideal Gas Law P = DRT M • P = pressure (atm) • D = density (g/L) • R = 0.0821 L atm / mol K • T = temperature (K) • M = molecular mass

  8. Example • What is the molar mass of a gas that has a density of 1.40 g/L at STP? • NOTE – STP is standard temperature and pressure • At STP temperature is 273 K and pressure is 1.00 atm

  9. Avogadro’s Principle • _________________– equal volumes of gases at equal temperature and pressure contain the same number of particles • ________________– the volume of gas that 1 mole of a substance occupies at STP • At STP 1 mol of a gas = ____________ • New conversion factor at STP ONLY! 1 mol 22.4 L

  10. Example • Calculate the volume 0.881 mol of a gas will occupy at STP.

  11. Example • Calculate the volume that 2.000 kg of methane would occupy at STP.

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