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Understanding Educational Test Validity and Reliability

Explore the purpose of measuring educational achievement at various levels, including individual students, teachers, schools, and districts. Delve into the validity and unreliability of standardized tests, gender biases, and cultural influences affecting test outcomes.

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Understanding Educational Test Validity and Reliability

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  1. Measuring Educational Achievement Purpose: Measuring Performance of: • Individual students • Teachers • School performance • School district “Report Cards” • Programs and policies

  2. The TESTS • IQ tests • SAT\ACT • International tests • TIMSS- Third International Math and Science Study • PISA - Program for International Student Assessment • NAEP: National Assessment of Education Progress • ISAT (IL), MCAS (Ma.), TAAS (TX), CBEST (CA)

  3. Validity of Educational Tests: What do they measure? • IQ tests: Intelligence or Aptitude? • Vocabulary? • Test-Taking Skills? • SAT: Predicted College Performance? • Achievement or Learning?

  4. Unreliability of Tests: • Teaching to the Test: Lake Woebegone Effect • Percentage of Students taking the test. • Timing of the Test • Tests that don’t matter to students

  5. Gender Bias Women do less well on Math SAT, but better on Math in school, and on Verbal SAT • Reasons:Gender related approaches to test-takingBiased questionsSocietal Biases

  6. Cultural Bias: Minority Groups and Poor • Home and school disadvantages • Language and Vocabulary • Culturally Biased Question wording: “Marathon is to running as Regatta is to………..” • Test Anxiety (Claude Steele) • Race-related Validity problems

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