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Goal 4 : Translation

Goal 4 : Translation. I. Protein Synthesis. Translation- the process of making proteins from mRNA B. 5 STEPS mRNA travels from the nucleus to a ribosome in the cytoplasm. tRNA , which carries amino acids, also travels to the ribosome from the cytoplasm.

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Goal 4 : Translation

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  1. Goal 4:Translation

  2. I. Protein Synthesis • Translation- the process of making proteins from mRNA • B. 5 STEPS • mRNA travels from the nucleus to a ribosome in the cytoplasm. • tRNA, which carries amino acids, also travels to the ribosome from the cytoplasm. • Start codon (AUG)- this is the first codon on the mRNA that pairs up with the anticodon on the tRNA What are the bases it pairs up with? • UAC

  3. 1 & 2 3

  4. Protein synthesis (con’t) • STEPS (cont.) • amino acids attach to each other as codons and anticodons pair • a. Amino acids link by peptide bonds • b. polypeptide chain forms (many amino acids linked together) • 5. Stop codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA) - these codons are the signals that tell the ribosome to stop translating • a. mRNA is released and the polypeptide (protein) is complete

  5. 4 5

  6. tRNA

  7. DNA-RNA-Protein Protein synthesis

  8. Transcribe and Translate

  9. II. Amino Acid Table A. Use mRNA codon to determine amino acid B. Only write 1st 3 letters of amino acid

  10. III. Summary The Central Dogma of Biology: DNA RNA protein transcription translation

  11. IV. protein structure – 4 levels • 1st level: sequence of amino acids in chain: polypeptide • 2nd level: chain folded • 3rd level: chain twisted • 4thlevel: more than one chain together

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