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The Civil Rights Movement. Mr. Ermer U.S. History Honors Miami Beach Senior High. 1896: Plessy v. Ferguson “ Separate but equal ” De facto segregation 1909: Norris v. Alabama (juries) New Deal coalition WWII and Civil Rights (CORE) 1954: Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS
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The Civil Rights Movement Mr. Ermer U.S. History Honors Miami Beach Senior High
1896: Plessy v. Ferguson • “Separate but equal” • De facto segregation • 1909: Norris v. Alabama (juries) • New Deal coalition • WWII and Civil Rights (CORE) • 1954: Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS • Southern Resistance Roots of a Movement
1955: Rosa Parks & NAACP • Montgomery Bus Boycott • Religion & Civil Rights—MLK Jr. • Nonviolent Passive Resistance • Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) The Civil Rights Movement Begins
Preferred desegregation by Act of Congress or Executive Order, not courts • Desegregates military work spaces • Sends U.S. Army troops to South to protect African-Americans • The Little Rock Nine • Civil Rights Act of 1957 (voting) • The Sit In Movement Ike & Civil Rights
The Freedom Riders • Kennedy compromises w/ Mississippi • ICC tightens regulation of segregated bus depots • RFK’s Justice Dept. sues Southern cities for seg. • JFK appoints many African-Amers. to gov. jobs • MLK’s Birmingham March • MLK arrested, “Letter from Birmingham Jail” • Demonstrations spread • KKK bombs 16th St. Baptist Church in Birmingham JFK & Civil Rights
1963: March on Washington “I have a dream” • LBJ continues fight to pass Civil Rights Act • Senate threatens filibuster—cloture vote • Ends segregation in public facilities • Equal access to public accommodations for all races • Creates Equal Employment Opportunity Comm. • Forced end of segregation in private work place • Increased US Attorney General’s power to sue • Selma March—Voting Rights Act of 1965 The Civil Rights Act of 1964
Inequality, crime, poverty, lack of education plague urban African-Amer. pop • The Watts Riot • The Kerner Commission on Civil Disorders • MLK fights for economic equality • Black Power movement • Malcolm X & the Nation of Islam • Separatism • Black Panthers • Assassination of MLK Civil Rights Issues, Turning Tide