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VISION

VISION. Poudre High School By: Ben Kirk. Accessory Structures of the Eye. Eyelids (Palpebrae): Windshield wipers for the eyes. Lubricate and remove debri Lacrimal Caruncle: Produces night boogers. Secreted so that the eyelids don’t stick together. Accessory Structures of the Eye.

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VISION

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  1. VISION Poudre High School By: Ben Kirk

  2. Accessory Structures of the Eye • Eyelids (Palpebrae): Windshield wipers for the eyes. • Lubricate and remove debri • Lacrimal Caruncle: Produces night boogers. • Secreted so that the eyelids don’t stick together.

  3. Accessory Structures of the Eye • Conjunctiva: Epithelial layer continuous with the inner layer of the eye lid

  4. Accessory Structures of the Eye • Lacrimal Apparatus: production, distribution, and removal of tears • Lacrimal Gland: Superior and lateral to the eye • Releases tears using tear duct • Lacrimal Canals: Tube by which tears are removed from the eye and enter the Lacrimal Sac

  5. Accessory Structures of the Eye • Lacrimal Apparatus: • Nasolacrimal Duct: Cavity that connects lacrimal sacs to the nasal cavity • Swallow or blow out all lacrimal secretions

  6. Eye Diseases, injuries, etc… • Sty: Infection of sebaceous glands of eyelashes (very painful) • Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Damage to and irritation of the conjunctivitis

  7. Anatomy of the Eye • General Facts: • Approximately 1 inch in diameter • Approximately 8 g in weight

  8. Eye Anatomy • Posterior/Vitreous Chamber: • Filled with vitreous humor (gel like consistency) • Used to maintain shape of the eye and hold retina in place

  9. Eye Anatomy • Anterior Chamber: • Separated from posterior chamber by iris and cilliary bodies • Filled with Aqueous Humor (water like consistency) • Function: circulation of nutrients and wastes as well as eyeball structure/shape

  10. Layers of the Eye • Fibrous Tunic: Tough outer layer for protection and muscle attachment • Sclera: White of the eye • Connective tissue where all extrinsic muscles attach. • Cornea: Continuous with sclera • Fibers are arranged to allow light passage (Cornea appears clear) • No blood vessels, very hard to repair

  11. Layers of the Eye • Vascular Tunic: Middle Layer • Iris: Colored region of the eye • Muscles that regulate pupil size • Pupil: Opening in the center of the iris • Ciliary Body: Mass of muscle connected to the lens to change its shape • Choroid: Layer of blood vessels that separates the fibrous and neural tunics posterior to the ciliary bodies.

  12. Layers of the Eye • Neural Tunic: The Retina • Photoreceptors: Rods and Cones • Rods: Light detection (night vision) • Cones: Color Detection • Fovea: Focal point of all images • Highest concentration of cones • Optic Disk: Where optic nerve and blood vessels leave the vitreous chamber • Blind Spot

  13. The Lens: • Focuses image on retina • Physically changes shape

  14. Lens Abnormalities • Cataracts: Lens becomes cloudy • Glaucoma: Increased fluid pressure inside the eye, pinching the optic nerve • Myopia: Nearsightedness • Eyeball is too deep • Hyperopia: Farsightedness • Eyeball is too shallow

  15. Glaucoma

  16. Myopia http://www.tehranlasik.com/images/myopia.jpg

  17. Hyperopia http://www.stlukeseye.com/Conditions/Hyperopia.asp

  18. Masters of Illusion

  19. Focus on the dot and move your head side to side or forward to back…

  20. How many legs does the elephant have?

  21. Stare at the black dot and watch the haze disappear…

  22. Shapes that don’t exist…

  23. What do you see?

  24. The Impossible Trident

  25. Straight or crooked?

  26. Count the Black Dots!!!

  27. Circles or Spirals?

  28. Crooked or Straight?

  29. Optical illusions in shape!

  30. Floating Sphere

  31. Can you make them stop spinning?

  32. Image Credits • http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/blckdots.jpg • http://www.is.svitonline.com/malinman/optic/spirkrug.gif • http://www.sapdesignguild.org/resources/optical_illusions/images/couple.gif • http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/lines.jpg • http://www.eyesearch.com/optical.vase.gif • http://www.sackville.ednet.ns.ca/art/gallery/exhibit/draw/Escher,M.C.-Relativity-1953.jpg • http://www.math.technion.ac.il/~rl/M.C.Escher/2/escher-hands.gif • http://www.cbu.edu/~jvarrian/252/eye.gif • http://www.city.ac.uk/colourgroup/spectrum.gif • http://medweb2.bham.ac.uk/image_database/bain/images/229339c.jpg • http://www.eyesearch.com/astigmatism.jpg • http://www.whiteeye.net/images/myopia.jpg • http://www.colorado.edu/epob/epob1220lynch/image/figure6n.jpg • http://www.rktekt.com/ck/im/FineArt/eye.jpg • http://mathworld.wolfram.com/gifs/ouchi.gif • http://www.aetheronline.com/mario/images/Favourite%20Images/Optical%20Illusions/14_jpg.jpg • http://www.mercola.com/2003/sep/27/illusion4.gif • http://members.cox.net/mystic-warrior/mag2.jpg

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