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Crime 5. Analyze the critical approaches to explaining crime. Critical Approaches. Labeling Theory- emphasizes the criminalization process as the cause of some crime. Criminalization process- the way people and actions are defined as criminal(How people become criminals). Lemert.
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Crime 5 Analyze the critical approaches to explaining crime.
Critical Approaches • Labeling Theory- emphasizes the criminalization process as the cause of some crime. • Criminalization process- the way people and actions are defined as criminal(How people become criminals)
Lemert • Secondary Deviance- costs of crime following the 1st criminal act and the acceptance of a criminal label. • Primary Deviance- causes of initial criminal acts are vague. • Stigmatized- negatively labeled from a criminal act • Self-fulfilling Prophecy- self image defined by a label • Reintegrating Shaming- Disappointment is expressed for offenders actions
Conflict Theory- society based on conflict between competing interest groups • Power differentials-ability of some groups to dominate other groups in society. • Relative Powerlessness- the inability to dominate other groups in society
Radical Theory- theories of crime causation that are generally based on Marxist theory of class struggle • Class Struggle- competing among wealthy and poor people which causes crime
Other Critical Theories (Why people commit crimes) • Left Realist- social scientist who argue that critical criminologist need to redirect their attention to the fear and the very real victimization experienced by working class people (Focus on Fear) • Peacemaking Criminology-solutions to all social problems are transformation of human beings, mutual dependencies, creating communities of caring people, universal social justice( Change people by changing their environment)
Feminist Theory- focus on women’s experience and seeks to abolish men's control over women’s labor and sexuality. • Postmodernism- are of critical thought which, among other things, attempts to understand the creation of knowledge, and how knowledge and language create hierarchy and domination (hierarchy can cause crime)
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