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Operating Systems Rohit Khokher

Operating Systems Rohit Khokher. A software system that manages the hardware and software resources & provides user interactions with computer through an easy interface. Objectives of operating systems (OS). Make a computer user-friendly through an interface (virtual machine).

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Operating Systems Rohit Khokher

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  1. Operating SystemsRohitKhokher A software system that manages the hardware and software resources & provides user interactions with computer through an easy interface

  2. Objectives of operating systems (OS) Make a computer user-friendly through an interface (virtual machine) Manage the hardware & software resources Other System Software and Application Programs Operating System Hardware Users LOGICAL ARCHITECTURE OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM

  3. Allocation & deallocation Memory Management Process Management Process ? Security creation, deletion, resource allocation, scheduling, synchronization, communication… Protect Resources, data, information .. OS Functions File Management Command Interpretation Creation Deletion Organization Naming Storing Retrieval Sharing Protection Interpret command & direct the system resources to execute the command

  4. Important Concepts Job allocated to CPU Job Completed Running • Job • CPU-bound • I/O-bound • Process • Batch Processing • Uniprogramming • Multiprogramming (Interleaved execution of two or more jobs) • MP with fixed tasks. • MP with variable task. • Multitasking • Multiprocessing (Systems with several Processors) • Time-sharing (simultaneous interactive use of computers) Ready New Job Blocked Job waits for I/O I/O completed

  5. Memory Management Concepts • Uniprogramming memory model • Multiprogramming memory model • MP with fixed number of memory partitions • MP with variable fixed number of memory partitions • Virtual memory: A memory management system that facilitates execution of programs, jobs, process that require much larger memory than the available main memory. Execute block by block Important Concepts Programs are stored on secondary storage. Swapping (in, out) Demand paging Memory Requirement of a job Available main memory Page/frame

  6. File management • File : A file is a collection of related records • Record: A record is a collection of related data. • File name: A unique identifier in the format <name>.<extension> • File Attributes: Common attributes are file creation and update date and time, file size, file type, • File access methods: (Sequential and random) • File operations: create, delete, open, close, read, write, seek, get attribute, set attribute, rename, copy…

  7. Security/COMMAND • Computer resource protection • Protection from internal threats • User authentication • Access control • Crptography • Protection from external threats • Command interpretation • Command-line interpretation • Graphical user interface

  8. Os capability enhancement software • Translating programs like compilers, language translation, … • Library programs • Utility programs • Disk formatting • Data compression • Data backup • Antivirus

  9. Popular Operating systems • UNIX • MS-DOS • LINUX • MS WINDOWS • MS WINDOWS NT Compare these three

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