Deep Ignorance: Exploring the Unknown World Around Us

2. BIO 101 Principles of Biology 1 Welcome to DEEP IGNORANCE!

3. Think of the this room as the WHOLE universe and the light rays coming in as our knowledge of it How much do we know about the WORLD around us? What is deep ignorance?

4. There are things we know There are things we know that we don’t know There are things we don’t even know, we don’t know this is……DEEP IGNORANCE EXAMPLE Recently scientists discovered 4 new species of Legless lizards!!! Where?

7. Bio 101- Principles of Biology 1 K. Villatoro Syllabus: www.elcamino.edu/faculty/kvillatoro/bio101.html You are responsible for knowing and following the information presented on this syllabus - Lab manual and text book - Mastering biology Contact your instructor at: kvillatoro@elcamino.edu

8. Grade Mastering biology 10% of your grade Lab work/handouts will be 15% of your grade Group science project will be 5% Tests and lab tests will be the rest IMPORTANT POLICIES: - No make ups on labs or lab test!!! - Any work turned in late is worth only ½ the credit - In order to make up a lecture test, you will have to show written proof of absence - Cheating will NOT be tolerated, you will receive a 0 and will be reported

9. Transferable skills for college and work Download or open the quizizz app And log into the game, anonymously

11. Characteristics of life Write down the characteristic and a sentence describing what it means. 1-7

12. The study of life reveals common themes • Life is shows several levels of organization,

13. Cell types - Are composed of one or more cells

14. The Characteristics of Living Organisms • Maintain homeostasis

15. The Characteristics of Living Organisms • Living organisms engage in metabolic activities: cellular respiration and photosynthesis - These processes involve the transformation of energy and matter

16. The Characteristics of Living Organisms • Reproduce via sexual or asexual reproduction via DNA

17. The Characteristics of Living Organisms - Living organisms contain genetic information that governs their structure and function

18. The Characteristics of Living Organisms Populations of living organisms can undergo evolution, meaning that the genetic makeup of a population may change over time.

19. Evolution Handout Watch the sickle cell story How does the video illustrate the FOLLOWING characteristics of life? • Organization • Reproduction • Growth and development • Evolution

20. Genes determine the traits of an organism

21. Mutations although rare and random can give rise to new alleles….for good or for bad

24. Allele frequencies An allele frequency describes that allele’s proportion in a population’s gene pool How can we calculate the Allele frequencies of this population?

25. In studying life, scientist make observations and form and test hypothesis Observations can be either quantitative or qualitative. A hypothesis is a tentative explanation of the observations. A hypothesis must be testable and falsifiable, which of these is falsifiable: “Botticelli’s Birth of Venus is beautiful“ "People find Boticelli's Birth of Venus to be beautiful"

26. Convert these questions into a hypothesis 1. Does supplemental feeding of birds at backyard feeders affect their reproductive success? 2. Do preschool boys in coed classes develop better verbal skills than boys in all male classes?

27. Hypothesis vs. Theory A hypothesis is a potential answer to a relatively small, specific question. A theory, on the other hand, addresses a broader question and is supported by a large amount of data from multiple sources Which one is closer to a theory? "The toaster won't toast because the electrical outlet is broken“ "Electrical appliances need a source of electricity in order to run" is closer to a theory.

28. If the toaster does toast, then…….. If the toaster doesn't toast, then……

29. Experiment design An experiment should: -Compare outcomes: Have different levels of your independent variable (including a control set up) Measure a dependent variable -Control variables All other variable need to be constant in all setups -Distinguish chance from real differences Repeat the procedure several time What is the difference between control and Controlled variables?

30. A biology student wanted to study the effect of fertilizer on the growth of tomato plants. He placed four of the same type of tomato plants into separate containers, each containing the same amount of soil. Each pot received a different watering solution, containing varying amounts of fertilizer. The table below shows the average height of the plants by the end of one week. 3. Which of the plant groups is the control group? 4. What is the independent variable in this experiment? A. The amount of fertilizer B. The amount of soil provided C. The type of tomato plant D. The height of the plants

31. Presenting and analyzing Results • Tables and graphs (figures): help analyze and interpret results help resent your work to the reader The graph below shows the effect of temperature on population size of three different species of fish. 4. Write down a proper title for your figure 5. Which one is the dependent variable? 6. Which species of fish would thrive at a 40 degrees? 7. Which temperature range could support the growth of all three species?