Office : Block A, Room 151, FBMK Line : 03-89468692 E-mail : arbaayah@fbmk.upm.my

1. Office : Block A, Room 151, FBMKLine : 03-89468692E-mail : arbaayah@fbmk.upm.edu.my Semester 1,2012/2013 Dr. Arbaayah Ali Termizi BBL 3208Shakespeare and Renaissance Drama

2. Main objectives of the course are: By the end of this course, students are able to:  1. identify the Elizabethan dramatic convention (P1); 2. conduct detailed research regarding Shakespeare’s plays and his contemporaries (A4); 3. show their understanding of selected plays covered in the course through short in-class performances/activities (P4); and 4. manage relevant information from various sources (LL1). Week One

3. So, what do we need to do to achieve these objectives? Week One

4. Distribution of course work Week One

5. Nature of coursework • Essays (40%) – guidelines will be discussed in another powerpoint presentation • Mid semester examination* (30%) – will cover topics from Unit 1 – 3 in the module • Final examination* (30%) – will cover topics from unit 4 – 6 in the module • Tips on how to answer questions in mid semester and final examination are covered in unit 7 of the module • Both exams will be subjective in nature Week One

6. The module used for this course Week One

7. Who is William Shakespeare?

8. The background of William Shakespeare • His identity • His works • His background • His family • His friends • His period * Point 1 to 6 can be read in detail in Unit One of the latest PJJ module Week One

9. Shakespeare is …. Week One

10. The many images of Shakespeare… The Stratford Monument (1616) The Soest Engraving (1636) The Droeshout Engraving (1623) The Marshall Portrait (1640) The Hilliard Miniature (1588) Week One

11. William Shakespeare (26th April 1564 – 23rd April1616) • The Chandos Portrait (1610) • Attributed to John Taylor • Possessed by Duke of Chandos Week One

12. Contemporary representation of Shakespeare Ralph Fiennes playing Shakespeare in Shakespeare in Love Week One

13. Quoted Phrase "All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merely players: they have their exits and their entrances; and one man in his time plays many parts... "As You Like It, Act II, Scene 7, 139–42. Week One

14. Shakespeare’s Ancestry • Briefly it should be mentioned that, during the sixteenth century, there were many families with the name Shakespeare in and around Stratford. • "Shakespeare" appears countless times in town minutes and court records, spelled in a variety of ways, from Shagspere to Chacsper. • Unfortunately, there are very few records that reveal William Shakespeare's relationship to or with the many other Stratford Shakespeares. • The Bard's paternal grandfather was Richard Shakespeare (d. 1561), a farmer in Snitterfield, a village four miles northeast of Stratford abd record shown that he was a tenant farmer. • Richard Shakespeare worked on several different sections of land during his lifetime, including the land owned by the wealthy Robert Arden of Wilmecote, Shakespeare's maternal grandfather. Week One

15. Shakespeare’s Parents • Shakespeare's father, John, came to Stratford from Snitterfield before 1532 as an apprentice glover and tanner of leathers. • John Shakespeare later prospered and began to deal in farm products and wool. • Sometime between 1556 and 1558 John Shakespeare married Mary Arden, the daughter of the wealthy Robert Arden of Wilmecote and owner of the sixty-acre farm called Asbies. • We assume neither John nor Mary could write -- John used a pair of glovers' compasses as his signature while Mary used a running horse -- but it did not prevent them from becoming important members of the community. Week One

16. John Shakespeare’s Reputation • Applied for coat-of-arms - 1570 • Behind in his taxes - 1578 • Mortgaged Mary’s estate - 1579 • Fined 40 pounds for missing a court date - 1580 • Removed from the board of alderman - 1586 • Owned only his house at Henley Street - 1590 • Fined for not attending church - 1592 • Re-applied coat-of -arms and granted - 1596 • Reinstated on the town council - 1599 (due likely to the success of William in London) Week One

17. On October 20 1569, by permission of the Garter King of Arms (the Queen's aid in such matters) "the said John Shakespeare, Gentlemen, and ... his children, issue and posterity" were lawfully entitled to display the gold coat-of-arms, with a black banner bearing a silver spear (a visual representation of the family name "Shakespeare"). The coat-of-arms could then be displayed on their door and all their personal items. The motto was "Non sanzdroict" or "not without right”. Shakespeare’s family coat of arm Week One

18. Shakespeare’s birthplace (Stratford-upon-Avon) Week One

19. The baptismal register of the Holy Trinity parish church, in Stratford, shows the following entry for April 26, 1564: Gulielmus filius Johannes Shakespeare. The actual date of Shakespeare's birth is not known, but, traditionally, April 23, St George's Day, has been Shakespeare's accepted birthday, and a house on Henley Street in Stratford, owned by William's father, John, is accepted as Shakespeare's birth place. Shakespeare’s birth Week One

20. Birth timeline for Shakespeare’s siblings • 1558 September 15 Joan (sister), the first child of John and Mary was baptised (only survived two months) • 1562 December 2 Margaret (sister) was baptised - she died one year later • 1564 April 26 William was baptised (died 1616 aged 52) • 1566 October 13 Gilbert (brother) was baptised (died 1612 aged 46) • 1569 Another daughter, also called Joan was born (died 1646 aged 77) • 1571 September 28 Anne was baptised ( sister ) (1579 died aged 7) • 1574 March 11 Richard (brother ) was baptised (died 1613 aged 39) • 1580 May 3 Edmund (brother) was baptised (died 1607 aged 27) Week One

21. Shakespeare’s Family Tree http://shakespeare.palomar.edu/timeline/genealogy.htm Week One

22. Shakespeare’s Education • Shakespeare probably began his education at the age of six or seven at the Stratford grammar school, which is still standing only a short distance from his house on Henley Street and is in the care of the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. • Although we have no record of Shakespeare attending the school, due to the official position held by John Shakespeare it seems likely that he would have decided to educate young William at the school which was under the care of Stratford's governing body. Week One

23. The schoolmaster Sir Hugh Evans tests Will Page on his Latin in a scene from 'The Merry Wives of Windsor' Week One

24. Like all of the great poets and dramatists of the time, Shakespeare learned his basic reading and writing skills from an ABC, or horn-book. “a primer framed in wood and covered with a thin plate of transparent horn. It included the alphabet in small letters and in capitals, with combinations of the five vowels with b, c, and d, and the Lord's Prayer in English.” (Robert Speaight, Shakespeare: The Man and His Achievement) Shakespeare’s Education Week One

25. A closer look at the hornbook Week One

26. Shakespeare’s Education "... any boy caught speaking English at school was punished ..." (Educating Shakespeare) • As was the case in all Elizabethan grammar schools, Latin was the primary language of learning. • Although Shakespeare likely had some lessons in English, Latin composition and the study of Latin authors like Seneca, Cicero, Ovid, Virgil, and Horace would have been the focus of his literary training. • One can see that Shakespeare absorbed much that was taught in his grammar school, for he had an impressive familiarity with the stories by Latin authors, as is evident when examining his plays and their sources. Week One

27. Shakespeare’s Education • Even though scholars, basing their argument on a story told more than a century after the fact, accept that Shakespeare was removed from school around age thirteen because of his father's financial and social difficulties, there is no reason whatsoever to believe that he had not acquired a firm grasp of both English and Latin and that he had continued his studies elsewhere. • Shakespeare's daily activities after he left school and before he re-emerged as a professional actor in the late 1580s are impossible to trace. Week One

28. Shakespeare’s Marriage and Children • Recordings in the Episcopal register at Worcester on the dates of November 27 and 28, 1582, reveal that Shakespeare desired to marry a young girl named Anne. • Shakespeare, a minor at the time, married Anne Hathaway, who was twenty-six and already several months pregnant. • After her marriage to Shakespeare, Anne left Hewland Farm to live in John Shakespeare's house on Henley Street, as was the custom of the day. • The Shakespeares' first child was Susanna, christened on May 26th, 1583, and twins arrived in January, 1585. • They were baptized on February 2 of that year and named after two very close friends of William -- the baker Hamnet Sadler and his wife, Judith. Week One

29. Anne Hathaway’s Cottage (before she married Shakespeare) Week One

30. Collection of his works • http://shakespeare.mit.edu/ Refer to the above electronic version for a complete list of Shakespeare’s works Week One