1. Introduction

1. Introduction EE562 Winter 2006

Communication Links EE562 Winter 2006

Undersea Optical Fiber Backbones EE562 Winter 2006

Fiber Data Rate EE562 Winter 2006

Fiber Capacity EE562 Winter 2006

Multiplexing EE562 Winter 2006

TDM Standards • Standards developed for optical fiber communications rates • Synchronous Optical NETwork (SONET) • Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) EE562 Winter 2006

Optical Signal • Optical signals are typically sent using on-off keying (OOK) • Power received: 1 • No power: 0 • Two primary formats • Nonreturn to zero (NRZ) • Return to zero (RZ) EE562 Winter 2006

Basic Optical Communication Link • Electrical signal transferred to another location • Electrical-to-Optical (E-O) conversion • Modulated laser • Signal transmission • Optical fiber • Optical-to-Electrical (O-E) conversion • Detector EE562 Winter 2006

Signal Transmission • Signal is attenuated as it propagates through the fiber • Decrease in signal amplitude • Reduction in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) • Pulse is spread in time • Called signal dispersion • Causes inter-symbol interference (ISI) EE562 Winter 2006

Additional Components • External modulator • Better signal—lower signal dispersion • Optical amplifier • Amplifies signal to overcome attenuation EE562 Winter 2006

Topics to be Covered • Fibers • Attenuation • Dispersion • Sources • Detectors • System performance • External Modulators • Noise • Optical Amplifiers EE562 Winter 2006

1. Introduction

1. Introduction

Presentation Transcript

1. Introduction

1. INTRODUCTION

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CH.1 Introduction 1-1 Introduction

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1. INTRODUCTION

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INTRODUCTION (1)

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1 INTRODUCTION