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Antimicrobials

7/22/2012. 2. Chemical Antimicrobial Agents. Cidal versus staticRemove agent and __________Permanent binding versus temporaryBacterio, fungi, viriLyticMeasuring activityMICAffects on itOrganism, inoculum size, OM, incubation time, conditionsStandardizePhenol Coefficient Standard. 7/22/2012

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Antimicrobials

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    1. 7/22/2012 1 Antimicrobials Chapters 20.4-20.13 and 30

    2. 7/22/2012 2 Chemical Antimicrobial Agents Cidal versus static Remove agent and __________ Permanent binding versus temporary Bacterio, fungi, viri Lytic Measuring activity MIC Affects on it Organism, inoculum size, OM, incubation time, conditions Standardize Phenol Coefficient Standard

    3. 7/22/2012 3 MIC

    4. 7/22/2012 4 Chemical Antimicrobial Agents Measuring Activity continued Agar Diffusion (Kirby Baur) MIC—zone of inhibition Affects include amount of inoculum, concentration of agent, diffusion coefficient solubility of agent, incubation time and conditions Standardize variables

    5. 7/22/2012 5 Review Terminology Sterilant Sporicide Gases Ethylene oxide Formaldehyde Peroxyacetic acid Hydrogen peroxide Disinfectants (cationic detergents, alcohol and phenol based compounds) Sanitizers Antiseptics/germicides (iodine, silver nitrate, hydrogen peroxide, Triclosan, ethanol)

    6. 7/22/2012 6 Types of Agents Oxidizing (H2O2, chlorine) Alkylating (ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, Glutaraldehyde) Denaturant (Phenol) Surfactant (detergents) Lipid disruptor (cationic detergents, alcohol)

    7. 7/22/2012 7 Resistance Spore formers Gram positive versus Gram negative LPS layer Mycobacteria Hepatitis Cysts

    8. 7/22/2012 8 Chemotherapeutic Agents In vivo Oral, intravenous, anal Selective toxicity issues Synthetic versus antibiotic Spectrum of Activity

    9. 7/22/2012 9 Spectrum 20.15

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