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Basic Motivation Concepts

Basic Motivation Concepts. Direction. What Is Motivation?. Intensity. Persistence. Maslow ’ s Hierarchy of Needs. Self Esteem Social Safety Physiological. Little Ambition. Theory X Workers. Dislike Work. Avoid Responsibility. Self-Directed. Theory Y Workers. Enjoy Work.

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Basic Motivation Concepts

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  1. Basic Motivation Concepts Chapter 6

  2. Direction What Is Motivation? Intensity Persistence Chapter 6

  3. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Self Esteem Social Safety Physiological Chapter 6

  4. Little Ambition Theory X Workers Dislike Work Avoid Responsibility Self-Directed Theory Y Workers Enjoy Work Accept Responsibility Chapter 6

  5. Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory Hygiene Factors Motivational Factors • Quality of supervision • Rate of pay • Company policies • Working conditions • Relations with others • Job security • Career Advancement • Personal growth • Recognition • Responsibility • Achievement 0 Job Satisfaction High Job Dissatisfaction High Chapter 6

  6. Alderfer’s ERG Theory Existence Growth Relatedness Chapter 6

  7. Need for Achievement (nAch) The Theory of Needs David McClelland Need for Power (nPow) Need for Affiliation (nAff) Chapter 6

  8. Intrinsic Motivators Extrinsic Motivators Cognitive Evaluation Chapter 6

  9. Specificity Challenge Feedback Participation Commitment Self-efficacy Characteristics Culture Goal-Setting Theory Chapter 6

  10. Reinforcement Theory Rewards Consequences Behavior No Rewards Punishment Chapter 6

  11. Equity Theory Ratio Comparison* Employee’s Perception Outcomes A Inputs A Outcomes A Inputs A Outcomes A Inputs A Outcomes B Inputs B Outcomes B Inputs B Outcomes B Inputs B < Inequity (Under-Rewarded) = Equity > Inequity (Over-Rewarded) *Where A is the employee, and B is a relevant other or referent. Chapter 6

  12. Distributive Justice Procedural Justice Amount and Allocation of Rewards Perceived Fairness of the Distribution Process Research into Equity Chapter 6

  13. 1. Effort-performance relationship 2. Performance-rewards relationship 3. Rewards-personal goals relationship Expectancy Theory Individual Effort Individual Performance Organizational Rewards 1 2 3 Personal Goals Chapter 6

  14. Performance Dimensions Ability Performance Motivation Opportunity Chapter 6

  15. An Integrative Model of Motivation High nAch Equity Comparison OO IA IB Ability Opportunity Performance Appraisal Criteria Individual Effort Individual Performance Organization Rewards Personal Goals Reinforcement Performance Appraisal System Dominant Needs Goals Direct Behavior Chapter 6

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