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Hannes Hechler Programme Coordinator U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre. Functions and characteristics of prevention of corruption agencies – UNCAC Articles 5 and 6. UNDP-Workshop on Programming in support of Anti-Corruption Agencies Bratislava, 30 June - 1 July 2009.
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Hannes HechlerProgramme CoordinatorU4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre Functions and characteristics of prevention of corruption agencies – UNCAC Articles 5 and 6 UNDP-Workshop on Programming in support of Anti-Corruption Agencies Bratislava, 30 June - 1 July 2009
Existing ACA-literature little detail on UNCAC Often focussing on specialised agencies Need to identify institutional functions and mandates required in article 6 and what this means for states Rationale
Required functions • Article 6 is intimately linked to article 5 • States are to ensure the existence of a body or bodies, as appropriate, that prevent corruption • by such means as: • implementing • overseeing and • coordinating the implementation of anti-corruption policies; • and to increase and disseminate knowledge about the prevention of corruption.
Preventive functions • Public Sector recruitment • Codes of conduct • Public procurement and financial management • Judicial integrity and independence • Private Sector accounting and auditing • Participation of society • Anti-Money Laundering
Overview of functions • AC-policies can take different forms: • national ac-strategies, • sector policies, or • core public sector reforms (PEMFA, civil service, judiciary, decentralisation, etc.) Knowledge increase and dissemination Implementation Oversight Coordination Analysis Lessons Remedies Actors: Government units across the board • Actors • depend on level: • Intra-institutional • Cross-institutional • National Arm-length Executive Communication, guidance, training
Required independence UNCAC stipulates that • body or bodies are to be granted necessary independence • and the necessary material resources and specialized staff • to enable them to carry out its or their functions effectively and free from any undue influence
Independence revisited Independence to be adapted to different functions
Consequences for institutional arrangements • UNCAC does not call for ONE specialised agency • Institutional arrangement needs to fit national context • Where ACA present, it should not be overburdened • Different institutions will have to be involved in the different functions • Full independence hardly ever needed for preventive functions described in article 5 and 6
Thank you! Hannes Hechler U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre hannes.hechler@cmi.no www.u4.no