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Alternative Propulsion Technologies: What’s on the Horizon?

Explore the future of alternative propulsion technologies in the transportation industry, including diesel engines, alternative fuels, advanced diesel and gasoline technologies, and non-propulsion advances.

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Alternative Propulsion Technologies: What’s on the Horizon?

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  1. Alternative Propulsion Technologies: What’s on the Horizon? Christie-Joy Brodrick, Ph.D Institute of Transportation Studies University of California-Davis The Transportation/Land Use/Environment Connection October 25, 2004

  2. Presentation Outline • Diesel engines • Driving forces • Multiple solutions for a diverse industry • Alternative fuels and technologies • Advanced diesel technologies • Gasoline technologies • Non-propulsion advances Photo: American Trucking Associations

  3. Freight Movement Today = Diesel, Diesel, and More Diesel • 94% of goods are shipped using diesel power • 89% of commercial trucks are diesel powered • Long-haul trucks are exclusively diesel powered • Railroad’s 20,000 locomotives are nearly all diesel powered • Ocean-going containerships are diesel powered • Gasoline is used by smaller, local trucks • There are a handful of alternative fuels/ technologies: CNG, LNG, biodiesel, hybrids Photo: Caterpillar

  4. Forces for Change Emissions regulations* • new engine standards • fuel standards • idling bans • CA TRU rules • SCAQMD diesel rules Cummins • Fuel price increases American Trucking Associations

  5. All Trucks Are Not Created Equal • 115 different certified engine families (with as many as 7 models per family) • >135 different transmissions now in use • Eight weight classes • Diverse payloads, driving cycles, & VMT

  6. Alternative Fuels and Technologies American Trucking Associations

  7. Hybrid PUDs FedEx Express hybrid UPS hydraulic hybrid HCCI? Photos: UPS & Eaton

  8. ‘07 Technology Requirements J. Paul Fayolle, Volvo Powertrain, DEER 2003

  9. Diesel Engine Technologies ‘04 • Cooled EGR and in-cylinder • ACERT ‘07 • Cooled high EGR with DPF • ACERT with DPF • Low sulfur fuel regs ‘10 • ACERT with catalyzed DPF? • SCR + catalyzed DPF • LNT + catalyzed DPF Photo: American Trucking Associations

  10. ‘07 Technology Comparison Prof. Michael Schittler, DaimlerChrysler, DEER 2003

  11. Impacts • Costs and more costs • Maintenance • OBD • Driver reactions • Mechanic reactions • Industry pre-buy • Move away from diesel? Photo: Thomson Education Direct

  12. Fuel of the Future: Gasoline?!? Thomas W. Ryan III, SwRI, DEER 2003

  13. Gasoline and CO2 Tim Johnson, Corning, DEER 2004

  14. Non-propulsion Changes • Idling alternatives (costs, alt fuels, fuel cells, routing changes) • TRU alternatives (costs, alt fuels?) • Telematics (profitability, efficiency, fuel economy, routing changes) • 42 Volt systems (efficiency, fuel economy)

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