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Chapter 5: Skeletal System The Appendicular Skeleton

Chapter 5: Skeletal System The Appendicular Skeleton. Shoulder Arm Leg Pelvis. Pectoral Girdle (shoulder). Clavicle: aka: collarbone Articulates with the sternum and the scapula Helps make the shoulder joint and an attachment point for ligaments. Pectoral Girdle (shoulder).

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Chapter 5: Skeletal System The Appendicular Skeleton

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  1. Chapter 5: Skeletal SystemThe Appendicular Skeleton Shoulder Arm Leg Pelvis

  2. Pectoral Girdle (shoulder) • Clavicle: aka: collarbone • Articulates with the sternum and the scapula • Helps make the shoulder joint and an attachment point for ligaments

  3. Pectoral Girdle (shoulder) • Scapula: aka shoulder blade • Acromion: the end of the spine that forms the shoulder joint • Glenoid Cavity: a “pocket” for the head of the humerus • The shape of the scapula allows for muscles to attach

  4. Arm Bones • Humerus • Head: articulates with the glenoid cavity • Capitulum: rounded knob that articulates with the radius • Trochlea: articulates with the ulna

  5. Ulna and Radius • Ulna: medial side of the forearm • Trochlear Notch: curved area that receives the trochlea of the humerus • Radius: lateral side of the forearm • Head: articulates with the capitulum of the humerus

  6. The Wrist, Hand, Fingers • Bones in each hand: • Carpals: 8 bones • Metacarpals: 5 bones • Phalanges: 14

  7. Pelvis • Coxal Bones: The hipbones that are made of three fused bones • Ilium: superior; • Ischium: inferior and posterior • Pubis: inferior and anterior • Acetabulum: that pocket found where the bone fuse

  8. Dude or Dudette? • Female inlet (superior opening) is larger and more circular • Female bones are lighter and more thin • Female Ilia flare more laterally • Female ischial spines are shorter; outlet (inferior opening) is larger • Female pubic arch is more round as the bones are at a great angle

  9. Nice Legs! • Femur: longest, heaviest, strongest bone in the body • Head: articulates with the acetabulum • Greater and lesser trochanters: muscle attachment points • Medial and Lateral Condyles: articulate with the tibia

  10. Tibia and Fibula • Tibia: shin bone • Bears the weight of the leg • Articulates with the femur,, fibula, and tarsal bones • Fibula: parallel and lateral to the tibia

  11. Knee • Patella: kneecap • Maintains positions of the quadriceps tendon and increase its leverage on the tibia. • Allow the knee to lock for bipedal locomotion.

  12. Foot • Tarsals: ankle bones • 7 bones • Talus: Articulates with the tibia and fibula; has no muscle attachments • Calcaneus: heel bone • Metatarsals: 5 bones • Phalanges: 14 per foot

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