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Comparison of mt DNA for the Pt verus subspecies of Chimpanzee The existence of 2 groups within

Comparison of mt DNA for the Pt verus subspecies of Chimpanzee The existence of 2 groups within The subspecies. INTRODUCTION: In 1900 it has been estimated that 1 – 2 million Chimpanzees existed, today that estimate is only 150,000. This species is divided into

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Comparison of mt DNA for the Pt verus subspecies of Chimpanzee The existence of 2 groups within

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  1. Comparison of mt DNA for the Pt verus subspecies of Chimpanzee The existence of 2 groups within The subspecies

  2. INTRODUCTION: In 1900 it has been estimated that 1 – 2 million Chimpanzees existed, today that estimate is only 150,000. This species is divided into smaller discreet groups as their habitat becomes increasingly fragmented. To better insure the survival of this species, it is important that we understand its gene pool structure.

  3. Hypothesis: Divergent groups exist within the verus subspecies of Chimpanzee.

  4. MATERIALS AND METHODS: mt DNA sequences for 14 from GenBank were Used in the analysis. The sequences were analyzed using ClustalW. The sequences were from Pt verus collected from the African countries of Mali and the Ivory Coast. Three of the sequences were from individuals in protected areas.

  5. Initial Alignment of Pt verus 6 total sequences (3 Ivory Forest; 3 Mali) Genbank IDs Gi:556039 (Ivory Coast) Gi:556042 (Ivory Coast) Gi:556074 (Ivory Coast) Gi:556049 (Mali) Gi:556050 (Maii) Gi:556051 (Mali)

  6. Initial Alignment of Pt verus 6 total sequences (3 Ivory Forest; 3 Mali) Genbank IDs Gi:556039 (Ivory Coast) Gi:556042 (Ivory Coast) Gi:556074 (Ivory Coast) Gi:556049 (Mali) Gi:556050 (Maii) Gi:556051 (Mali)

  7. For 4 distinct points on an unrooted tree, 3unrooted trees can be formed 1 2.5 2 original 3 4 2 3 -3.5 Spurious 1 1 4 2 3 0.5 Spurious 2 4 1 Separation Length= (2:4+3:1)-(2:3+1:4) therefore separation is not spurious 2

  8. Additional Genbank Sequences • 10 Additional Pt verus sequences retrieved • GenBank sequence similarity • GB ids • 6288805 • 4754940 • 6288840 • 6288811 • 6288834 • 6288814 • 4754954 • 4754951 • 4754976 • 4754962

  9. Additional Filtering • Sequences Aligned using ClustalW • Ends Trimmed

  10. CLUSTAL W (1.81) multiple sequence alignment Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ TACCACCTAAGTACTGGCTCATTCATTACAACCGCTATGTATTTCGTACA Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556049_gb ---------------GGCTCATTCATTACAACCGCTATGTATTTCGTACA Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ -----CCTAAGTACTGGCTCATTCATTACAACCGCTATGTATTTCGTACA Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556051_gb ---------------GGCTCATTCATTACAACCGCTATGTATTTCGTACA Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ TACCACCTAAGTACTGGCTCATCCATTACAACCGCTATGTATTTCGTACA Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556050_gb ---------------GGCTCATTCATTACAACCGCTATGTATTTCGTACA ******* *************************** Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ TTACTGCCAGCCACCATGAATATTGTACAGTACCATAATCACCCAACTAC Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556049_gb TTACTGCCAGCCACCATGAATATTGTACAGTACCATAATCACCCAACTAC Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ TTACTGCCAGCCACCATGAATATTGTACAGTACCATAATCACCCAACTAC Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556051_gb TTACTGCCAGCCACCATGAATATTGTACGGTACCATAATTACCCAACTAC Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ TTACTGCCAGCCACCATGAATATTGTACGGTACCATAATTACCCAACTAC Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556050_gb TTACTGCCAGCCACCATGAATATTGTACGGTACCATAATCACCCAACTAC **************************** ********** ********** Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ CTATAATACATAAAATCCACTCCCACACCAAAACCTTCACCCCATGCTTA Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556049_gb CTATAACACATAAAATCCACTCCCACACCAAAACCTTCACCCCATGCTTA Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ CTATAACACATAAAATCCACTCCCACACCAAAACCTTCACCCCATGCTTA Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556051_gb CTATAACACATAAAACCCAC-CCCACATTAAAACCTTCACCCCATGCTTA Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ CTATAACACATAAAACCCAC-CCCACATTAAAGCCTTCACCCCATGCTTA Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556050_gb CTATAGCACATAAAACCCAC-CCCACATTAAAACCTTCACCCCATGCTTA ***** ******** **** ****** *** *****************

  11. Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ CAAGCACGCACAACAATCAACCTCCAACTGTCGAACATAAGACACAACTC Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556049_gb CAAGCACGCACAACAATCAACCTCCAACTGTCGAACATAAAACACAACTC Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ CAAGCACGCACAACAATCAACCTCCAACTGTCGAACATAAAACACAACTC Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556051_gb CAAGCACGCACAACAATCAACCTCTAACTATCAAACATAAAACACAACTC Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ CAAGCACGCACAACAATCAACCTCTAACTNTCAAACATAAAACACAACTC Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556050_gb CAAGCACGCACAACAATCAACCTCTAACTATCAAACATAAAACACAACTC ************************ **** ** ******* ********* Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ CAACGACACCCCTCCCCCACCCCGATATCAACAGACCTACCCCTCCCTGA Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556049_gb CAACGACNNNNNNNNNNCACCCCGATATCAACAGACCTACCCCCCCCTGA Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ CAACGACACCCCTCCCCCACCCCGATATCAACAGACCTACCCC-CCTTGA Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556051_gb CAACGACACTTCTCCCCCACCCCGATACCAACAAACCTACCCCCCCTTGA Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ CAACGACACTTCTCCCCCACCCCGATACCAACAAACCTACCCCCCCTTGA Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556050_gb CAACGACACCTCTCCCCCACCCCGATACCAACAAACCTACCCCCC-TTGA ******* ********** ***** ********* * ***Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ CAGAACATAGTACATACAATCATACACCGTACATAGCACATTACAGTCAA Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556049_gb CAGAACATAGTACATACAATCATACACCGTACATAGCACATTACAGTCAA Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ CAGAACATAGTACATACAATCATACACCGTACATAGCACATTACAGTCAA Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556051_gb TAAAACATAGTACATACAATCACACACCGTACATAGCACATTACAGTCAA Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ CAAAACATAGTACATACAATCACACACCGTACATAGCACATTACAGTCAA Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556050_gb CAAAACATAGTACATACAATCACACACCGTACATAGCACATTACAGTTAA * ******************* ************************ **Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ ACTCTTCCTCGTCCCCACGGATGCCCCCCCTCAGATAGGAAT Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556049_gb ATTCTTCCTCGTCCCCACGGATGCCCCCCCTCAGATAGGAAT Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ ATTCTTCCTCGTCCCCACGGATGCCCCCCCTCAGATAGGAAT Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556051_gb ATCCATCCTCGCCCCCACGGATGATCC--------------- Pt_verus_[Tai_Forest__Ivory_ ATCCATCCTCGCCCCCACGGATGATCCCCCTCA---------Pt_verus_[Mali]_gi_556050_gb ATCCATCCTTGCCCCCACGGATGATCC--------------- * * **** * *********** **

  12. Results and Conclusion • We found what appears to be two genetically distinct groups in the Pt verus subspecies • Further phylogenetic analysis indicates the validity of initial observation • Data indicates that geographic separation is not indicative of genetic separation

  13. That’s all Folks!(ok, so now where’s my banana?)

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