1 / 18

Language of Anatomy

Language of Anatomy. Anatomists have a set of reference terms that are universally understood. Allows body structures to be located & identified with minimum words and great clarity . Anotomical Position.

cachez
Download Presentation

Language of Anatomy

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Language of Anatomy • Anatomists have a set of reference terms that are universally understood. • Allows body structures to be located & identified with minimum words and great clarity.

  2. Anotomical Position • Anatomists/doctors use a universally accepted position, the anatomical position when referring to the body. • standing erect, facing forward, arms down at the side, with the palms turned forward

  3. Surface Anatomy (External Landmarks) • Body surfaces have many visible landmarks. (35 from lab) • Anterior (front) landmarks • Posterior (back) landmarks • Two division • Axial – head, neck and trunk • Appendicular – limbs and attachment to axis

  4. Body Orientation & Direction(Terms have different meaning for quadrupeds and bipeds) • Superior/Inferior • Above/below • Ex: Standing on your head, your head is _______ to your neck. • Inferior • Anterior/Posterior • Front/back • Ex: Your chest is _________ to your shoulder blades. • Anterior

  5. Body Orientation & Direction • Medial/Lateral • Toward midline/away from midline • Ex: The cheeks are ________ to the tongue. • Lateral • Dorsal/Ventral • Backside/belly side • Ex: Your naval is on the _________ side of the body. • Ventral

  6. Body Orientation & Direction • Superficial (external)/Deep (internal) • Toward or at the body surface/away from the body surface • Ex: The skin is ____________ to the skeletal muscles. • Superficial • Cephalad(cranial)/Caudal • Toward head/toward the tail or feet • Humans: interchangeable with superior and inferior • Quadrupeds: interchangeable with anterior and posterior

  7. Body Orientation & Direction • Proximal/Distal • Nearer the trunk or attached end/farther from the trunk or point of attachment, can also be used to indicate regions (closer to or farther from the head) of internal tubular organs. • Ex: The knee is ________ to the toes. • Proximal • Ex: The small intestines is ________ to the large intestines.

  8. Biped Directional Terms Cephalad (cranial) caudal

  9. Quadruped Directions

  10. Body Planes & Sections • To make observations of internal structures during dissection, it is necessary to make sections or cuts. • Sections/cuts are made through the body wall or through an organ along an imaginary surface or line called a plane.

  11. Body Planes & Sections • Sagittal(longitudinal) plane • divides a body or organ vertically into right and left parts. • Median/midsagittal plane • The right and left parts are equal • Parasagittal Plane • The right and left parts are unequal

  12. Body Planes & Sections • Frontal (coronal) plane • divides the body or organ vertically into front (anterior) and rear (posterior) parts.

  13. Body Planes & Sections • Transverse (cross section) plane • divides the body or organ horizontally into top (superior) and bottom (inferior) parts.

  14. Body Planes

  15. Quadruped Planes & Sections (Different From Bipeds) At the left, from top to bottom, observe a sagittal section, a transverse section, and a dorsal plane section through a dog head. A sagittal section divides the cadaver into right & left parts. A transverse section divides the cadaver into cranial (rostral) & caudal parts. A dorsal plane (frontal plane) section is cut parallel to the back, dividing the cadaver into top (dorsal) & bottom (ventral) parts.

  16. Body Cavities • Axial portion of body • two large cavities, protects organs. • Dorsal Body Cavity • Cranial cavity – brain • Vertebral (spinal) cavity – spinal cord • Ventral Body Cavity • Thoracic cavity (superior the diaphragm) – heart, lungs • Abdominopelvic cavity (inferior the diaphragm) – • Abdominal cavity - stomach, intestines, liver • Pelvic cavity - reproductive organs, bladder, rectum

  17. Body Cavities

  18. Reference • Human Anatomy & Physiology Laboratory Manual • http://www.cliffsnotes.com/study_guide/What-Is-Anatomy-and-Physiology-.topicArticleId-277792,articleId-277504.html • http://vanat.cvm.umn.edu/planar/

More Related