Positional Diagnosis of the SSO in Peru

1. Positional Diagnosis of the SSO in Peru • An stage of important changes in SST Positive effects in proceeding of globalization in Peru - 1990. International investment arriving to different areas of the economy. Investment coming along with modern corporate cultures of management.

2. The most part of investments was addressed to areas like mining, electricity, construction, industry and telecommunications besides others, which operations involve a high risk of work, occupational hazards and economic losses because of these reasons. The mining area catch the 31% of international investment for the last 8 years, approximately US$ 4,982 MM (Ministry of Energy and Mines Statistics)

3. International Investment in electricity 1990-2003 (MEM Statistics) Between 1994 and 2003 the total investment in electricity exceed the US$ 3,500 MM.

4. Accidents decrease for investment in successful programs of safety (Statistics: Institute of Mining Studies - 1999) The relation between the international investment, corporate culture and free implementation of management systems SSO, could represent a better control of risks, less accidents and the decrease of operational costs; that was demonstrated with studies made in the Peruvian mining.

5. Others impacts of Globalization • Negative effects about employment and its Organization. • Exponential increment of subcontracting that affects work conditions and the SSO of contractors. • Part-time and temporal works increment, from independent and informal works.

6. Prominent changes in rules SSO • 1997 The Risk Assessment Insurance is created as part of the Law 26790 in Social Security new changes. • 2001 D.L. 910 General Laws of work Inspections, employees Defence and sectional Commissions for : 1)Make a General Legislation SST, 2)The infantile risky work treatment and 3)A unite system of register and notification of accidents with national approached. • 2001 Approval of the new Electricity National Code, the new Legislation of Safety and Occupational Hygiene of electricity sub-area, the new Legislation of Safety and Mining Hygiene and the Rule Technique E-120 about safety while the construction incorporate this to the National Legislation of Constructions.

7. Prominent changes in rules SSO • 2000 The National Work Council of tripartite participation is created for the debate in workable topics, work conditions and SSO in Peru - Law Nº 27711 Law of the Ministry of Work. • 2002 General New Law of Healthy, establish competence's of DESO, DIGESA and CENSOPAS relation to promotion, investigation, guarding and normative in occupational health for all areas. • 2003 The Peruvian Rule Technique of Safety and Occupational Health Management is approved.

8. Opportunity of improvement in Laws SSO • Reviewing and new changes of legal statements for the industrial area, which Legislation of Industrial Safety D.S. 42F comes from the year 1964. • National Policies of Health and Safety Requirements in work that conduce the new legislation to avoid the high dispersion and superposition that have in faculty to the pour coordination between the Legislative Norma and the others Ministries and between the same Ministries related to the SSO.

9. Inspections in SSO • The General Law of Work Inspection and employees Defence support the capacity of the MTPE in inspections, inspectors training and the responsibility to communicate any accident at work. • Monitored Organization of Energy Investment OSINERG • Mining Head Direction • National Institute of Civil Defence • Regional Municipalities

10. Statistics SSO • Social Security Institute – ESSALUD • Mining Head Direction • OSINERG • Superintendence of Health Lender Entities - SEPS

11. Promotion,training,formation and consulting • Participation and improvement activities of several public institutions,employers ,employees , and citizens in general, qualifying organizations in companies where the risk of accidents are and occupational hazards. • In 1997 is created: the “Safety Committee” of the Society of Mining, Petroleum and Energy, the Mining Safety Institute, the Committee of Productivity and Security in the Peruvian Chamber of Construction. • Since 1999 the Center of Industrial Development of the National Industrial Society start training and consulting in Industrial Safety.

12. Recover and Insurances • In the Law of New Changes of Social Security in Health, predominate the creation of High Risk Assessment Insurance of Work whose positive effect can be appreciated in areas like economy. That is contemplated inside the activities of high risk, in the quality of attention in the services of health, as well as in the development of some programs of surveillance of health and accidents prevention. • However, in this aspect the economically active population's great majority stays without protection.

13. Economical, Social and Workable Context • The Peru is a country with a geographical and ecological diversity that allows a variety of economic activities, the PEA represents 30.43% of the total. The masculine PEA is 70% and the feminine 30%.. • The work in activities of high risk is 55.3% (the agriculture, hunting and fishing is in the 34%, Industry 10.5%, Construction 3.7%, Mining 2.4%, Transport 4.4%, and Electricity 0.3%. • The urban workers' 55% are from the informal sector. • The urban population covered is distributed like this: 72.3% in micro-companies, 4.2% in small companies and 23.5% in others. • Is considered that the covering of the Social Security of health, is 22% of the PEA decreasing in professional risks, in spite of the legislative changes in this area. The areas with less protection are the informal sector, the work of child’s, the contractors and subcontractors in the formal sector.

14. Resume of changes in SST • Significant advances have been achieved in mentioned aspects, however, because these changes have not taken place in planned way, systematic and coordinated, they suffer of dispersion, overlapping and holes. • It has been achieved the growing participation of public institutions, managers, employees and civil society each one from their competition environment and it influences in SSO but many of them reflect weakness and intermittence in their continuity. • A performance inter-institutional is appearing by sectors that contributed to improve the control of the risks., that should be incentivated and consolidated promoting their creation in sectors where they don't still exist. • New ways of agreement goes toward an integration of a national system.

15. The challenge SSO • To be able to make work the Security and Occupational Health in the Peru like a true national system that it is able to define a purpose, of being traced goals and of beginning to work to get them. • First key: Institutionalization of the SSO to assure that their values, principles and activities are materialized in way sustained among the competent authorities. • Second key: true and effective Coordination among the institutions, the social actors and the civil society for the make of projects and programs SSO.