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PROPERTIES of WATER

PROPERTIES of WATER. The properties of water include. Chemical Formula Surface Tension Adhesion and Cohesion Capillary Action The Universal Solvent Density of Liquid Water Changing states (solid, liquid and gas). Chemical Formula.

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PROPERTIES of WATER

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  1. PROPERTIES of WATER

  2. The properties of water include • Chemical Formula • Surface Tension • Adhesion and Cohesion • Capillary Action • The Universal Solvent • Density of Liquid Water • Changing states (solid, liquid and gas)

  3. Chemical Formula • Water molecules have 2 hydrogen atoms combined with 1 oxygen atom.

  4. Surface Tension • Surface tension is when water molecules stick together (cohesion) because of an interaction between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms. This creates a tightness across the surface of water. • The pulling forces the surface of the water into a curved shape. (example: meniscus in a graduated cylinder filled with liquid)

  5. The polar molecule • The oxygen molecule end has a slight negative charge. • The hydrogen molecule end has a slight positive charge. • A molecule that has electrically charged areas is called a polar molecule. • The positive hydrogen ends of one water molecule attract the negative oxygen ends of nearby water molecules. As a result, the molecules stick together.

  6. Adhesion and Cohesion • Water is a polar molecule because it has electrically charged areas. • The positive end of one molecule is attracted to the negative end of another molecule, causing water molecules to stick together or connect. • This is called cohesion. • When water is attracted to other polar molecules this is called adhesion.

  7. Capillary Action • The combined force of attraction between water molecules and with the molecules of surrounding materials is called capillary action. • Capillary action allows water to move through materials with pores or narrow spaces inside. • Observe a glass of water with a straw in it. The liquid rises higher inside the straw because of capillary action. • Carnations change color when placed in containers of food coloring.

  8. The Universal Solvent • A solution is a mixture that forms when on substance dissolves another. The substance that does the dissolving is called the solvent. • Water dissolves many substances because it is polar. The charged ends of the water molecule attract the molecules of other polar substances. • Water can dissolve solids (salt or soap) and liquids (bleach or rubbing alcohol) and some gases (carbon dioxide and oxygen). • Oil and wax do not dissolve in water.

  9. Density of Liquid Water • Density, a physical property of matter, is the relationship between mass and volume of matter. (D=M/V) • Mass is a measurement of the amount of matter in a sample. • When matter of different densities are put together with water, the objects that are heavier (have more mass) will sink.

  10. SURFACE TENSION AND PENNIES • TAP WATER: NOTE THE CURVE! • SOAPY WATER: NO CURVE

  11. Brainpop • http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/water/zoom.weml

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