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Absolutely required: Basic navigational tools GPS EPIRB VHF Instrumentation Autopilot SSB. Very nice to have Weather Fax Radar (reflector required) Computers & S/W. Agenda. Basic Navigational Tools. Clock (need GPS or SSB to set)

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Agenda

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  1. Absolutely required: Basic navigational tools GPS EPIRB VHF Instrumentation Autopilot SSB Very nice to have Weather Fax Radar (reflector required) Computers & S/W Agenda GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  2. Basic Navigational Tools • Clock (need GPS or SSB to set) • Digital watch with 2 time zones - set one to UTC (Zulu) • Radio capable of receiving the Time Broad Service from WWV & WWVH - required for race • Compass (swing) - required for race • Sextant (& reduction tables, almanac, calculator, practice!) - required for race • Barometer • Charts & plotting paper, plotting tools- required for race GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  3. Basic Navigational Tools • NO electronic instrumentation can substitute for good seamanship • Read Bowditch (or other good navigation book) and/or take a class!! Buy Bowditch here. • Keep good logs GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  4. GPS • Options • Handheld • Fix-mount with NMEA I/F • Chart drive (or chart plotter) for either • Great for when you’re really tired and can’t do basic math or navigating in tricky situations • NMEA Interface • Interface to instrumentation for computing and displaying COG, SOG, waypoint range & bearing, VMC, and current set & drift • Interface to EPIRB & navigational computer GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  5. GPS • Features: • I really like track feature - easy to see lifts and headers • Screen readability & easy keypad operation - try it out!! • Power consumption (how long batteries last) • Number of waypoints & routes • Some Options: • Handheld (& lots of batteries) ($150 - $280) • Fix-mount w/chart drive & NMEA I/F ($600 - $1,400) • Handheld and fix-mount w/chart drive & NMEA I/F ($750) - My choice GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  6. GPS Manufacturers • A GPS is required for the race • If you buy more than one, stick with one manufacturer to simplify usability • Garmin - http://www.garmin.com • Magellan - http://www.magellangps.com • Raytheon - http://www.raymarine.com • B&G - http://www.bandg.co.uk • Datamarine - http://www.sea-dmi.com • Simrad - http://www.simrad.com • Furono - http://www.furuno.com • Si-Tex Marine Electronics - http://www.si-tex.com GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  7. EPIRB’s • 406 Mhz EPIRB required for race • Options • Mounted or personal • Automatically or manually deployable • I/F to GPS through NMEA I/F & opto-isolator • updates position stored in EPIRB every 20 minutes • Race Preparation: • Register it with NOAA • Perform self test & ensure battery is up to date • ACR Electronics - http://www.acrelectronics.com GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  8. VHF • VHF Marine Radio Broadcasts • Urgent marine navigational and weather information is broadcast over VHF channel 22A (157.1 MHZ) • All ships in U.S. waters over 20m in length are required to monitor VHF channel 16, and must have radios capable of tuning to the VHF simplex channel 22A • NOAA Weather Radio • The U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration continually broadcasts weather information on frequencies near 162 MHZ GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  9. VHF • Get masthead antenna, it’s line of sight communication (required for race anyway) • Run marine grade large size coax, RG8 (available at West Marine) or RG13 • Have emergency antenna available in case you’re dismasted (required for race) • Handheld is a convenience • No longer need a radio license for recreational marine VHF operation, but if you have an SSB, you register your VHF, radar, etc., also GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  10. VHF Radio Manufacturers • Horizon - http://acs.nv.net/marine • Standard sold the Marine and Mobile products divisions to Yaesu USA • Icom America - http://www.icomamerica.com • Raytheon - http://www.raymarine.com • Uniden America - http://www.uniden.com • West Marine - http://www.westmarine.com • B&G - http://www.bandg.co.uk • Datamarine -http://www.sea-dmi.com • Furono - http://www.furuno.com • Si-Tex Marine Electronics - http://www.si-tex.com GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  11. Instrumentation • Basic • Depth - required for race • Boat speed (fun meter!!!) - required for race • Wind direction & angle (apparent & true) • Battery voltage • Analog (good for app. wind angle) - optional • Ability to display both at nav station from a single display and multiple, selectable, big, easy to read displays on deck • Ability to set high & low alarm limits GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  12. Instrumentation • More better (need NMEA I/F with GPS for these): • VMC, SOG/COG, waypoint range and bearing • Current set & direction • Required for even moderately serious racing: • Polar information & ability to update • Ockam U book ($25) and website are helpful resources • Preparation: • Calibrate instrumentation! • Check to see if any fuses required & bring spares GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  13. Instrumentation • My favorites: • Big: VMC (for reaching & surfing - keeps you honest), mag heading, polar angle (from polars) or wpt bearing • Small: True wind speed & direction, actual and target boat speed (from polars - keeps you more honest) • Analog: 360 and magnified app. wind angle • Handheld GPS to see boat’s track GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  14. Instrumentation Manufacturers • B&G - http://www.bandg.co.uk • All components are waterproof • Ockam -http://www.ockam.com • KVH - http://www.kvh.com/products/index.html • Have heard that it can produce RF interference • Autohelm/Raytheon - http://www.autohelm.com • Datamarine - http://www.sea-dmi.com • Nexus Marine - http://www.nex-marine.com • Horizon - http://acs.nv.net/marine GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  15. Autopilots • Requires significant time to select, install and tune, don’t leave this until last • Selection requires a lot of due diligence • May require professional installation • Race Preparation: • Parameter tuning • Practice • Fuses • Spares!! GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  16. Autopilots • If you can’t do it, they can’t do it • An autopilot can only steer a boat downwind if a human can • Boat must be “driveable” and in good trim • If you want to carry a kite • The pilot must be able to drive • You trim • Pretty much true even if you fly a jib • Want an autopilot that can compensate for the effects of surfing down waves • Need to be able to compensate for change in AWA • Needs to know to drive down, but not jibe GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  17. Autopilots • Small cockpit mounted pilots • Relatively inexpensive, not especially waterproof • Low response time - on most boats, have real difficulty steering in rough weather or fast boat speeds • Ideal for occasional use in light to moderate conditions • Not intended or recommended for the oceangoing boat • Under deck pilots - recommended • More expensive than smaller cockpit-mounted pilots • Much more heavy duty, faster response time • Often need professional installation • Failure is most often caused by overstressing or getting a unit too small for the boat GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  18. Autopilots • Considerations: • Response speed/rate of turn • SC 70* 6 - 7 deg/sec • SC 50 8 - 9 deg/sec • Cal 40* 10 deg/sec • Moore 24* 20 deg/sec • See a trend here? • Extrapolate for your boat * Stan Honey’s favorite boats because they are the easy to steer downwind GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  19. Autopilots • Considerations • Ability to steer to polars • B&G • Alpha Marine or W-H with Stan Honey’s S/W • Ability to I/F to rate gyro • If you already have an autopilot, you may be able to add a gyro • KVH makes a good one GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  20. Autopilots • Considerations: • Steering force • Depends on rudder size, boat speed and speed of turn • Measure on your boat using a scale (or, yuck, do the math) • Power consumption • Dependant on how pilot operates, not size of pilot! • I/F capability with instrumentation & computer • Make sure you’re happy with user I/F, engage, disengage & dodge functions (not all physically disengage & can add friction when not in use) • Remote control GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  21. Autopilots - Below Deck Drives • Mechanical/linear • OK if boat can be easily steered with a tiller • Translates rotary motion into highly geared linear motion in the arm, essentially a much more powerful version of the cockpit tiller autopilot • Hydraulic/linear • A hydraulic pump drives the push rod • Constant running or reversing pump • Mechanical/rotary • Chains & gears • Dedicated Hydraulic • Linked into hydraulic steering systems GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  22. Autopilots • Power Consumption • Based on: • Brand • Vessel size • Steering arrangement • Speed and frequency of corrections • Sea state • Should have the ability to chose the rate of response based on conditions • An autopilot can draw between 2 and 10 Amps per hour, so 24 hour use can add considerably to the total onboard power consumption • Check power consumption on hydraulic pumps GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  23. Autopilot Manufacturers • Course Master - http://www.coursemaster.com • Used by all Australian finishers in the BOC Challenge since 1982 • W-H Autopilots - http://www.whautopilots.com • B&G - http://www.bandg.co.uk • Alpha Marine - Phone: 206 275 1200 • Simrad/Robertson/Navico - http://www.simrad.com • Autohelm/Raytheon - http://www.autohelm.com • Use plastic gears? • Nexus Marine - http://www.nex-marine.com GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  24. SSB • Emergency communication • Race position reporting • Accurate time signal • Ship to ship • Text messages - Email, SITOR, NAVTEX GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  25. SSB • Ship to shore • Marine radio telephone • AT&T pulled the plug • WLO is the only operational radio telephone service in the U.S. • You must make advance arrangements • They can not make collect calls into California • You must pre-register with a credit card GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  26. Requires only a radio license easily obtainable from the FCC Duplex or Simplex operation Can not transmit on HAM bands, except in emergency Can listen Legal to discuss business Ordering parts, arranging a tow or other private business Requires a General Class License All require knowledge of Morse code & written test Simplex operation More bands on which to transmit, can talk with other HAM operators Can participate on Marine Nets Illegal to discuss business SSB vs HAM GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  27. SSB • Don’t forget you need an FFC radio license! • Application forms in PDF are on the web, http://www.fcc.gov/formpage.html, you need form 506 • Transmitting on frequencies other than permitted by your license is illegal • Good antenna (incl. Spare if you lose your rig), good power, good ground are critical • Race preparation: • fuses, configure frequencies, get transmission schedules • See booklet on propagation, antennas, power & grounding, and frequencies GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  28. SSB Manufacturers • Icom America - http://www.icomamerica.com • Kenwood Communications Corp. - http://www.kenwood.net • Furono - http://www.furuno.com • Raytheon Marine - http://www.raymarine.com • Datamarine - http://www.sea-dmi.com • Si-Tex Marine Electronics - http://www.si-tex.com GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  29. Weather Fax • Equipment • Can use computer & S/W with demodulator or dedicated equipment • Don’t want to have to baby-sit & worry about being in front of the radio at the scheduled broadcast time • Images, Schedules & User’s Guide • http://weather.noaa.gov/fax/ptreyes.shtml • SSB frequencies are assigned frequencies. To convert to carrier frequencies, subtract 1.9 khz from the assigned frequencies. • To learn more: http://www.hffax.de GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  30. Weather Fax • Products • SURFACE CHARTS • Analysis 115W-175W Northern Hemisphere (Part 1) • 00Z Surface Chart, 06Z Surface Chart, 12Z Surface Chart, 18Z Surface Chart, • Forecast 115W-135E Northern Hemisphere • 24HR, 48HR & 96HR Surface Charts • UPPER AIR CHARTS (For Advanced Users) • 500 MB Chart Analysis115W-135E Northern Hemisphere • 00Z, 12Z • 500MB ChartForecast 115W-135E Northern Hemisphere • 48HR & 96HR • The further out the prediction, the less accuracy GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  31. Weather Fax Manufacturers • S/W • Cortex • SSC (Software Systems Consulting) HF Fax 6, 7 or 8 • JVcomm32 (http://www.jvcomm.de) and Mscan Meteo (http://www.mscan.com) • wxfax.exe • “It is still a work in progress, so only attempt using it if you are interested in helping Jim Corenman debug it.” • It's (substantial) advantage is that it can remote control your radio according to a schedule of preprogrammed times and frequencies (assuming you have a radio with a supported interface e.g. Icom 710). GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  32. Weather Fax Manufacturers • Dedicated, stand-alone • Furuno - http://www.furuno.com • Will both control radio power (off/on) and tune radio • Datamarine - http://www.sea-dmi.com • Requires separate printer (but that also means that it uses ‘normal’ paper • SSB Integrated • Si-Tex Marine Electronics - http://www.si-tex.com • Has PC data port on their SSB GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  33. Radars & Deflectors • Selecting A Radar System • Buy the biggest radar your budget and boat can support • Output power, beam width and display size all improve as you go up in size • More features (such as two EBLs instead of one) and improved plotting functions are usually included with larger units • While all sailors abhor weight and windage aloft, resist the temptation to go for the smallest antenna you can find • Larger scanners have a narrower horizontal beam width • See notes on selecting a display GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  34. Radars & Deflectors • Can see storms as well as traffic (wind hits first) • Alarm and adjustable guard zones • NMEA I/F • Race Preparation: • Be sure it’s well tuned • Fuses GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  35. Radars & Deflectors • A Radar reflector is required for the race • For radar to work effectively, a strong, repeatable radar return is required • Small vessels, especially those with non-metallic hulls, often go UNDETECTED on radar because of the weak radar returns they produce • A cheap one is $20, a good one is $60, this is NOT the place to save $40!! Your life could depend on it. • Mount it properly at least 6’ high and rigidly in the “catch rain” position - it makes a difference! GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  36. Radars & Deflectors • Radars • Furono - http://www.furuno.com • Raytheon - http://www.raymarine.com • Si-Tex Marine Electronics - http://www.si-tex.com • Simrad/Robertson/Navico - http://www.simrad.com • Reflectors • Davis - http://www.davisnet.com GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  37. Computers & S/W (& I/F to Instrumentation) • Navigation tools • Instrumentation display, graphing & calibration • Weather fax • Radar plot • Celestial sight reduction • Davis PC Astro Navigator - http://www.davisnet.com/marine/products/marine_product.asp?pnum=030B • Internet & email GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  38. Dedicated Computers • Ockam makes a small, hand-held weatherproof computer (Ockam ESP) that runs a special version of their software to be used on deck. • Ocean PC makes dedicated laptops, PC’s and displays - http://www.oceanpc.com GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

  39. Mfgrs: • Tatician • SailMath • Deckman - diverse yacht services • Ockam - http://www.ockam.com • Download a demo of OckamSoft3 from http://www.ockam.com/ocksoft.htm • KiwiTech - http://www.kiwitech.com • CompuSail - compusail@worldnet.att.net • RayTech Navigator - http://www.raymarine.com • Nobeltec - http://www.nobeltec.com • The Captain - http://www.thecapn.com GoFast Marineanna@gofastmarine.com

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